濒危植物粗梗水蕨孢子高效无菌萌发及成苗技术  

High-effective aseptic spore germination and seedling production of Ceratopteris pteridoides,an endangered plant

作　　者：杨星宇 梁玉婷 陈永勤[2] 田姗姗 陈益娴 钟昌龙 YANG Xingyu;LIANG Yuting;CHEN Yongqin;TIAN Shanshan;CHEN Yixian;ZHONG Changlong(Landscape Research Department,Wuhan Institute of Landscape Architecture,Wuhan 430081,China;School of Life Sciences,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;School of Landscape Construction,Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College,Wuhan 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市园林科学研究院园林景观研究所,湖北武汉430081 [2]湖北大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉430062 [3]湖北生态工程职业技术学院园林建工学院,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期584-590,共7页Journal of Hubei University：Natural Science

基　　金：武汉市园林和林业局基金(WHGF2020A02);湖北生态工程职业技术学院基金(STKY202305)资助。

摘　　要：粗梗水蕨(Ceratopteris pteridoides)为一年生蕨类植物,是水体和湿地生态系统中重要成员之一。上世纪80年代以来,由于生存环境受到了严重破坏,我国粗梗水蕨的数量锐减。虽然早在1999年粗梗水蕨就被国务院列为国家二级重点保护濒危植物,但自然界中粗梗水蕨还是越来越稀少,对其进行人工保护势在必行。我们研究并解决了粗梗水蕨孢子无菌培养中的一些主要问题,建立了一套简单、高效的孢子萌发成苗方法。首先,用0.5%有效氯的次氯酸钠消毒孢子5 min,在含3 mL/L抗菌剂Plant Preservation Mixture^(TM)(PPM)和20 g/L蔗糖的1/2 MS液体培养基中培养5周;然后,将孢子萌发形成的培养物转到含20 g/L糖和6 g/L琼脂的1/2 MS培养基上培养1个月,得到大量的幼孢子体(幼苗);最后,将幼苗转到新鲜的含20 g/L糖和6 g/L琼脂的1/2 MS培养基上,1个月后可长成健壮的大苗。2021年组培苗投放到野外保护区后能正常生长和形成孢子,次年部分孢子自然萌发形成了新的植株。Ceratopteris pteridoides,an annual fern plant,is one of important members in water and wetland ecosystem.Since 1980s,the amount of C.pteridoides plants in China has decreased sharply due to serious destruction of their living environment.Although C.pteridoides was added into the list of national second-grade protection species by the State Council as early as in 1999,it has become rarer and rarer in nature.Therefore,it is very urgent to protect this endangered species artificially.We investigated and solved the major problems in aseptic culture of C.pteridoides spores and established a simple,high-effective method of producing seedlings via spore germination.Fistly,C.pteridoides spores were sterilized with sodium hypochlorite solution containing 0.5%available chlorine for 5 min and inoculated in liquid 1/2 MS medium containing 3 mL/L biocide Plant Preservation Mixture^(TM)(PPM)and 20 g/L sucrose for five weeks for spore germination;secondly,the cultures developed from the spores in the liquid medium were transferred onto 1/2 MS medium containing 20 g/L sucrose and 6 g/L agar and cultured for one month for formation of sporophytes;finally,the sporophytes were planted on fresh 1/2 MS medium containing 20 g/L sucrose and 6 g/L agar,and one month later healthy and strong big seedlings were obtained.In 2021,the seedlings grew and produced spores normally after they were released in an outside protection area.Next year some of the spores would geminate and develope into new plants.

关 键 词：粗梗水蕨 濒危植物保护 外植体消毒 孢子无菌萌发 

分 类 号：Q945.5[生物学—植物学]