活塞调相脉管制冷技术及应用  

Piston Phase-Shifted Pulse Tube Refrigeration Technology and Applications

作　　者：刘少帅[1,2] 吴亦农 蒋珍华[1,2] 惠贺军 丁磊[1] 黄政 LIU Shaoshuai;WU Yinong;JIANG Zhenhua;HUI Hejun;DING Lei;HUANG Zheng(Shanghai Institute of Technology and Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2024年第6期1650-1655,共6页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：中国科学院率先行动“引才计划”B类人才项目;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(No.XDB35000000,No.XDB35040102);国家自然科学基金(No.51806231)。

摘　　要：脉管制冷机的微振动、高可靠、轻量化等特点,已经在航天红外探测器冷却方面取得广泛应用。作为新发展的调相方式,活塞调相技术在实现更高能效、更低温度、更低振动输出等方面具有独特优势。基于活塞调相的基本特性,针对主动活塞调相、气动功回收活塞调相和主动功回收活塞调相三种主要的活塞调相方式进行气动力分析。分别将不同活塞调相方式应用于10~80 K脉管制冷机研制,验证活塞调相对多种形式下脉管制冷机能效提升应用效果。从应用视角出发,探讨活塞调相后续研究及改进方向。The micro-vibration,high reliability and light weight of pulse tube refrigerators have been widely used in aerospace infrared detector cooling.As a recently developed phase shift method,piston shift technology has unique advantages in achieving higher energy conversion efficiency,lower temperature,and lower vibration.Based on the essential characteristics of the piston-type phase shifter,aerodynamic analysis is conducted for three main methods:active piston phase shifter,pneumatic piston shifter with acoustics power recovery,and active piston phase shifter with acous-tics power recovery.Different piston phase shifter methods are applied to develop 10~80 K pulse tube refrigerators,and the effects of the energy conversion efficiency improvement of pulse tube refrigerators in various forms are verified.From the perspective of the application,the subsequent research and improvement direction of the piston-type phase shifter is discussed.

关 键 词：脉管制冷机 活塞调相 声功回收 低温制冷 空间应用 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]