灌浆期六旋翼无人机喷幅和喷液量对玉米群体内雾滴沉积分布、漂移特性的影响  

Effect of Spray Amplitude and Volume of Six Rotor UAV in Filling Stage on Droplet Deposition Distribution and Drift Characteristics in Maize Population

作　　者：杜嘉瑞 张翼飞 肖珊珊 李泽松 李桂彬 杨贺麟 常达森 杨克军 DU Jia-rui;ZHANG Yi-fei;XIAO Shan-shan;LI Ze-song;LI Gui-bin;YANG He-lin;CHANG Da-sen;YANG Ke-jun(College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement,Daqing 163319;Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeast Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院/黑龙江省现代农业栽培技术与作物种质改良重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]农业农村部东北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《玉米科学》2024年第3期81-92,共12页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划(GA20B102);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300302-04);黑龙江省普通高等学校青年创新人才培养计划项目(UNPYSCT-2020037);黑龙江省博士后面上经费项目(LBH-Z19196);黑龙江八一农垦大学研究生创新科研项目(YJSCX2021-NXY20)。

摘　　要：采用大疆T30无人机在玉米灌浆期进行喷施作业,探讨喷幅和喷液量对雾滴在群体内沉积分布影响。采用两因素试验设计,设置3个喷幅[4(G1)、5(G2)、6.5m(G3)]和5个喷液量[15、30、45、60、75L/hm^(2)(R1~R5)],将玉米群体从上至下分为5层(A~E)。结果表明,在不同喷幅和喷液量处理组合下,随着喷液量增加,雾滴总沉积量、覆盖率、覆盖密度显著增加,随着喷幅的升高呈先增后降的趋势,其中G2R5、G3R5和G1R5处理的雾滴总沉积量较大,但雾滴的地面损失量增多、沉积量均匀性和穿透性不佳、漂移加重,总体上G2喷幅下各叶层的雾滴沉积分布较优。在实际生产中喷液量选择不宜过大,应结合施药属性及农田环境等因素,确定适宜的喷液量。Dji T30 UAV was used to spray maize during the filling period,and the influence of spray width and spray liquid quantity on the deposition distribution of droplets in the population was discussed.Using a two-factor experimental design,three spray ranges[4(G1),5(G2),6.5 m(G3)]and five spray volumes[15-75 L/ha(R1-R5)]were set,and the maize population was divided into five layers(A-E)from top to bottom.The results showed that,Under the treatment combination of different spray amplitudes and spray volume,the total deposition amount,coverage rate and coverage density of fog drops increased significantly with the increase of spray volume,and showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of spray amplitude.The total deposition amount of G2R5,G3R5 and G1R5 was large,but it led to the increase of ground loss of fog drops,poor uniformity and penetration of deposition volume,and aggravated drift of fog drops.In general,the distribution of droplets deposition in each leaf layer under the spray amplitude of G2 is superior.However,the selection of spray quantity should not be too large in actual production.The appropriate spray liquid amount should be scientifically determined during UAV operation,combined with the functional properties of spraying agents and farmland environment and other factors.

关 键 词：玉米 多旋翼无人机 喷液量 喷幅 雾滴沉积量 漂移 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]