17β-雌二醇和曲洛斯坦对大口黑鲈生长及性腺发育的影响  

Effects of 17β-estradiol and trilostane on the growth and gonadal development of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：张东云 宋红梅[2] 李胜杰[2] 田太行 杜金星 朱涛 雷彩霞 朱俊杰[1] ZHANG Dongyun;SONG Hongmei;LI Shengjie;TIAN Taihang;DU Jinxing;ZHU Tao;LEI Caixia;ZHU Junjie(College of Life Science,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China;Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510380,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院生命科学学院,浙江湖州313000 [2]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,农业农村部热带亚热带水产资源利用与养殖重点实验室,广东广州510380 [3]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2024年第3期266-277,共12页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：广东省乡村振兴战略专项(2022SPY00003);广州市科技计划项目(2024B03J1300,202201010211);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助项目(2023TD95);国家淡水水产种质资源珠江分库项目(FGRC18537)。

摘　　要：为获得大口黑鲈(Micropterussalmoides)雌性化逆转的最适参数,建立伪雌鱼性别诱导和全雄苗种创制技术,采用15日龄(daysposthatching,dph)且体长为(1.00±0.01)cm的大口黑鲈幼鱼为实验对象,投喂拌有17β-雌二醇(17β-estradiol,17β-E_(2))或曲洛斯坦(trilostane,TR)的人工配合饲料,3个实验组饲料分别含有30mg/kg17β-E_(2)、30 mg/kg TR和20 mg/kg 17β-E_(2)+10 mg/kg TR(依次命名为E30、TR30和E20TR10),对照组饲料不含17β-E_(2)和TR(命名为C),60 d后停止投喂外源激素,分析饲喂17β-E_(2)和TR对大口黑鲈生长性能、雌性比例、性腺发育的影响;12月龄时,采集各实验组伪雌鱼和对照组雌雄鱼血液和性腺组织,检测性类固醇类激素含量、dmrt1和cyp19a1a基因表达水平及卵巢发育形态。结果表明,饲喂外源雌性激素60 d后,E30和E_(2)0TR10组的体长和体重显著低于C组(P<0.05),TR30组的体长和体重高于对照组但无显著差异(P>0.05),E30、TR30和E_(2)0TR10组雌性比例分别为100.00%、0%、100.00%,C组雌性比例为53.33%;性腺组织切片结果显示,C组卵巢有大量初级卵母细胞,E30和E_(2)0TR10组遗传雄鱼出现卵巢腔、卵原细胞和卵母细胞,而TR30组雄鱼未发生性逆转;12月龄时,各实验组伪雌鱼比例未发生变化,C组雌性比例为46.67%;E30和E_(2)0TR10组伪雌鱼的卵巢发育迟滞,处于Ⅱ期;此外,E30和E_(2)0TR10组伪雌鱼血清中雌二醇(estradilol,E_(2))含量显著高于对照组雄鱼(P<0.05),TR30组低于对照组雄鱼,但无显著差异(P>0.05),各实验组血清中睾酮(testosterone,T)含量显著高于对照组雌鱼(P<0.05)。与对照组雄鱼相比,E30和E20TR10组伪雌鱼cyp19a1a表达量显著上调(P<0.05),dmrt1表达量显著下调(P<0.05)。综上所述,本研究投喂30 mg/kg TR未获得伪雌鱼,而投喂30 mg/kg 17β-E_(2)和20 mg/kg 17β-E_(2)+10 mg/kg TR实验组均可获得大口黑鲈伪雌鱼。12月龄伪雌鱼卵巢处于II期,血清中E_(2)含量及卵巢中cyp19a1a表达量均�Cultivation of pseudofemale largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)is a key step in the preparation of all-male fry.To determine the optimum parameters for the female sex reversal of largemouth bass,establish the sex induction technique of pseudofemale fish,and prepare all-male fry,juvenile largemouth bass(15 days post-hatching,1.00±0.01 cm in length)were fed with artificial compound feed mixed with 17β-estradiol(17β-E_(2))or trilostane(TR).The diets of the three experimental groups contained 30 mg/kg 17β-E_(2),30 mg/kg TR,and 20 mg/kg 17β-E_(2)+10 mg/kg TR,which were named E30,TR30,and E_(2)0TR10,respectively.The feed of the control group did not contain 17β-E_(2) and TR,which was named C.The effects of 17β-E_(2) and TR on the growth performance,female ratio,and gonadal tissue development of largemouth bass were analyzed after a 60-day feeding period.At the age of 12 months,the blood and gonadal tissues of pseudofemales in each experimental and control group were collected to detect the concentration of sex steroid hormones,expression levels of cyp19a1a and dmrt1,and ovarian development morphology.The results showed that the body length and weight of the E30 and E20TR10 groups were significantly lower than those of the C group(P<0.05),whereas the body length and weight of the TR30 group were higher than those of the control group;however,the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The proportions of females in the E30,TR30,E_(2)0TR10,and C groups were 100.00%,0,100.00%,and 53.33%,respectively.Gonadal tissue sections showed a large number of primary oocytes in the ovaries of group C.Ovarian cavities,oogonia,and oocytes were observed in the E30 and E_(2)0TR10 groups.However,males in the TR30 group showed no sexual reversals.At the age of 12 months,the proportions of females in the E30,TR30,E20TR10,and C groups were 100%,0,100.00%,and 46.67%,respectively.Tissue sections showed no pseudofemales in the TR30 group.The ovarian development of pseudofemales in the other experimental groups was at stage Ⅱ.The conce

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 17β-E_(2) TR 性腺发育 生长 伪雌鱼 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]