基于时差法的低功耗超声波三维海流测量系统  

Low-power Ultrasonic 3D Ocean Current Measurement System Based on Time Difference Method

作　　者：谭旭 李世阳[1,2] 倪晓波 蔡兵兵 TAN Xu;LI Shiyang;NI Xiaobo;CAI Bingbing(School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University;Second Institute of Oceanography,MNR)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院 [2]自然资源部第二海洋研究所

出　　处：《仪表技术与传感器》2024年第5期91-97,共7页Instrument Technique and Sensor

基　　金：上海交通大学‘深蓝计划’基金(SL2102);自然资源部第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(SL2102)。

摘　　要：声学时差海流计具有高精度、高采样率、无盲区和不受海洋散射条件限制的优点,目前国内尚无时差海流计系统样机以及核心部件(四声道双晶换能器)的报道。为了实现对海洋矢量流速的长期精确测量,设计并研制了基于时差法的低功耗超声波三维海流测量系统,构建了四声轴三维矢量流速测量模型,通过有限元仿真设计并制备了小体积异形异构V形双晶换能器。系统采用低功耗STM32L431和MSP4306288为主控芯片,由TDC-GP22高精度时间测量模块、换能器驱动电路、低功耗放大滤波电路、SD卡存储模块等组成测量电路,通过测量换能器4个声轴上的超声波飞行时间差,得到海水的三维矢量流速。系统采用低功耗硬件系统设计,配合软件低功耗管理降低系统功耗。经实际测试,所研制的三维海流测量系统具有测量准确、低功耗、存储方便等优点。Acoustic time difference current meter has the advantages of high precision,high sampling rate,no blind zone and is not limited by marine scattering conditions.However,in China,there is still no reports on the prototype of the time difference current meter system and its core component,four-channel dual crystal transducer.In order to achieve long-term accurate measurement of ocean vector flow velocity,a low-power ultrasonic three-dimensional ocean current measurement system based on the time difference method was proposed and developed,a four-axis three-dimensional vector flow velocity measurement model was constructed,and a small-volume V-type dual crystal transducer was designed and prepared by finite element simulation.The system adopted low-power STM32L431 and MSP4306288 as the main control chip,and the measurement circuit was consisted of TDC-GP22 high-precision time measurement module,transducer drive circuit,low-power amplification filter circuit,SD card memory module and so on.The three-dimensional vector flow rate of seawater was obtained by measuring the ultrasonic flight time diffe-rence on the four sound axes of the transducer.The low-power system design and software low-power management were proposed to reduce system power consumption.Experiments show that the developed three-dimensional ocean current measurement system has the advantages of accurate measurement,low power consumption and convenient storage.

关 键 词：海流计 时差法 低功耗 三维流速 超声换能器 

分 类 号：TH766[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]