山西芮城永乐宫新发现的元代文书与文字砖  

Newly Discovered Manuscripts and Inscribed Brick of the Yuan Dynasty from Yongle Palace in Ruicheng,Shanxi

作　　者：郑翌骅 席九龙 李路珂[1] Zheng Yihua

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院 [2]山西省永乐宫壁画保护研究院

出　　处：《文物》2024年第5期42-56,F0002,1,共17页Cultural Relics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“两宋建筑史料编年研究”子课题“两宋图像史料所见建筑史料编年研究”(项目批准号:19ZDA199);国家自科基金面上项目“基于《营造法式》的唐宋时期木构建筑、图像及仿木构建筑中的建筑装饰与色彩案例研究”(项目批准号:51678325)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：永乐宫,原名大纯阳万寿宫,始建于元代,为道教全真派的三大祖庭之一,亦是元代建筑的代表作。20世纪五六十年代,永乐宫因地处三门峡水库工程淹没区,经国务院批准,从山西省芮城县永乐镇招贤村保护迁移至芮城县古魏镇龙泉村。2019年6月,由于库房漏雨,山西省永乐宫壁画保护研究院在抢救性整理库房资料时发现了一批尚未定级的文物,其中包括6件对研究永乐宫营建历史具有重要价值的元代纸质文书和1块记载了三清殿竣工时间的元代文字砖。In 2019,the Yongle Palace Mural Preservation Research Institute of Shanxi found some ungraded cultural relics when sorting the vault,including six manuscripts and one brick inscribed with the completion time of the Sanqing Hall(1263)dating to the Yuan Dynasty,which were preserved after the Yongle Palace's relocation during 1950-60s.The six manuscripts can be classified into licenses,dudie and jiedie(identity proof and certificate),and scripture.It is known from the research that during 1244-1248,shortly after the Yongle Palace's first-phase construction was destroyed by fire,extensive personnel exchanges happened between the Yongle Palace and many other prominent Quanzhen Taoist temples,such as the Zhongnan Chongyang Palace and the Zhongnan Shangqing Taiping Palace in Shaanxi,and the Taiping Xingguo Taoist Temple in Pingyao,Shanxi.Many Taoist priests came to participate in the Yongle Palace's reconstruction project and built relationships with Pan Dechong,the abbot of the Yongle Palace of the time.

关 键 词：永乐宫 山西芮城 万寿宫 永乐镇 道教全真派 山西省芮城县 三清殿 淹没区 

分 类 号：K878.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K247[历史地理—历史学]