基于渐缩结构的质子交换膜燃料电池流道优化  

Flow channel optimization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on tapered structure

作　　者：铁蕾 沈俊 李昊洋 赵晓东 TIE Lei;SHEN Jun;LI Haoyang;ZHAO Xiaodong(School of Automotive Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学汽车工程学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《电源技术》2024年第6期1034-1041,共8页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

基　　金：湖北省大学生创新创业省级项目(S202310497228)。

摘　　要：不同的流道设计对质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)性能有很大的影响。基于传统平行流道,提出了单向渐缩,双向渐缩和周期性渐缩三种不同渐缩的阴极流道结构,并使用COMSOL Multiphysics软件对这三种方案进行了仿真模拟计算,研究了渐缩型流道结构对电池性能、气/水分布均匀性、电流密度分布和压降的影响。结果表明,与传统流道相比,渐缩结构能够提升PEMFC的性能,并有效改善气体和水分布的均匀性,其中,周期性渐缩且渐缩截面面积比为0.3的结构在这两方面表现最优,且净功率密度提升最大,0.6 V电压条件下,该结构的最大电流密度提升了9.74%,氧气分布均匀性增长了19.00%,净功率密度提升了9.80%。The different flow channel designs affect the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC).Based on the traditional parallel flow channel,three kinds of tapered cathode flow channel structures,namely the unidirectional tapering,bidirectional tapering and periodic tapering structure,were proposed,and the three schemes were simulated by using COMSOL Multiphysics.The effect of the tapering flow channel structure on the performance,uniform distribution of gas and water,current density distribution,and pressure drop of PEMFC was studied.The results show that compared with the traditional flow channel,the tapering structure can effectively improve the performance and the distribution uniformity of gas and water.In addition,the periodic tapering structure with the tapering cross-section area ratio of 0.3 has the best performance with the highest increase of the net power density.At the voltage of 0.6 V,the maximum current density of the structure increases by 9.74%,the oxygen distribution uniformity increases by 19.00%,and the net power density increases by 9.80%.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 渐缩流道 数值模拟 分布均匀性 净功率 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]