1.55μm激光雷达高原机场下击暴流探测应用研究  

Application research of 1.55μm wind LiDAR in detecting downburst on a plateau airport

作　　者：牛向华 黄轩 朱文会 郑佳锋[3] 唐顺仙 任涛 程振 NIU Xianghua;HUANG Xuan;ZHU Wenhui;ZHENG Jiafeng;TANG Shunxian;REN Tao;CHENG Zhen(Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology,Beijing 100029,China;State Key Laboratory of Geo-information Engineering,Xi’an 710054,China;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,Ch-ina;Meteorological Observatory,Qinghai Air Traffic Management Sub-bureau,Civil Aviation Administration of China,Xining 810000,China;College of Electronic Engineering,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]北京应用气象研究所,北京100029 [2]地理信息工程国家重点实验室,西安710054 [3]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,成都610225 [4]民航青海空管分局气象台,西宁810000 [5]成都信息工程大学电子工程学院,成都610225

出　　处：《激光技术》2024年第3期318-326,共9页Laser Technology

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2022NSFSC0209)。

摘　　要：为了探究激光雷达在湿下击暴流天气时的风场探测效果和低空风切变识别能力,采用多元资料结合具体事件进行理论分析和数据验证的方法,利用西宁曹家堡国际机场的测风激光雷达数据,结合地面观测记录,对2021-05-18的一次湿下击暴流过程进行了分析和研究。结果表明,下击暴流具有复杂的风场结构,主体到达机场前,首先造成了超过14 m/s的外流,并与环境风耦合形成逆风切变辐合线,且最强外流区位于辐合线后侧1 km~2 km;下击暴流抵达跑道上空时,造成了地面辐散风场,辐散中心风速远小于外流边缘且垂直气流存在着剧烈变化,下击暴流共持续约10 min;测风激光雷达对雷暴云内部垂直气流分布、跑道区域下击暴流辐散风场的水平和垂直结构以及地面风场辐合线的形成和演变均有良好的识别效果,交互使用雷达不同探测模式和数据产品有利于机场低空风切变的监测和预警。该研究为激光雷达在下击暴流风切变预报和研究中的应用提供了参考。To explore the wind field detection effect and low-level wind shear identification ability of light detection and ranging(LiDAR)during a wet downburst,a typical wet downburst storm process on 2021-05-18 was analyzed and investigated by using wind LiDAR and meteorological observation records from Xining Caojiapu International Airport,and using the method of combining multiple data with specific events for theoretical analysis and data validation.The results show that the downburst has complex wind field structures.Before the downburst arrived at the airport,the downdraft outflow exceeded 14 m/s,which is coupled with the ambient wind to form a headwind shear convergence line,and the strongest outflow region is located 1 km to 2 km behind the convergence line.When the downburst arrives over the runway,it creates a divergence wind field on the ground.The wind speed in the center of the divergence area is much lower than that at the edge of the outflow,the vertical airflow had drastic changes,and the downburst lasted for about 10 min.The LiDAR has a good identification of the vertical airflow distribution inside the cumulonimbus,the fine structure of the divergence wind field,and the formation and evolution of the convergence line.The interactive use of different detection patterns and data products of LiDAR is very conducive to monitoring and warning of low-level wind shear at the airport.This study provides a reference for the application of LiDAR in the prediction and research of downburst wind shear.

关 键 词：激光技术 测风激光雷达 精细结构 湿下击暴流 低空风切变 垂直气流 

分 类 号：TN958.98[电子电信—信号与信息处理] P412.25[电子电信—信息与通信工程]