激光雷达识别低空风切变的方法和效果  

Methodology and effectiveness of LiDAR in identifying low-level wind shear

作　　者：刘晓明 LIU Xiaoming(Meteorological Center,Xinjiang Air Traffic Management Bureau,Civil Aviation Administration of China,Urumqi 830016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空局新疆空管局气象中心,乌鲁木齐830016

出　　处：《激光技术》2024年第3期416-424,共9页Laser Technology

摘　　要：为了提升对低空风切变的识别和预警能力,基于国产FC-Ⅲ型测风激光雷达下滑道模式资料,结合航空器空中报告,对下滑道区域低空风切变识别的单斜坡法、双斜坡法和区域散度法进行了效果分析和评估,并利用雷达识别结果,统计分析得到了乌鲁木齐机场冬春两季低空风切变的时空分布特征。结果表明,雷达采用区域散度法对该机场低空风切变的识别效果最好,识别成功率可达86.7%;由时空分布特征分析可知,14:00—16:00时是该机场低空风切变发生的高峰,冬春两季的高发时段分别为14:00—18:00时和12:00—20:00时;春季风切变的频次35.7%和风切变强度0.0042/s均高于冬季的17.6%和0.004/s;跑道和两端下滑道空间位置的风切变雷达探测频率存在差异,说明该雷达能较准确捕获风切变发生的具体位置。该研究为激光测风雷达在低空风切变识别的应用提供了参考。To improve the ability of low-level wind shear identification and early warning,the effects of the single-slope method,double-slope method,and regional-divergence method for low-level wind shear identification in glide path area were analyzed and evaluated based on the data of a Chinese FC-Ⅲwind light detection and ranging(LiDAR)and pilot reports.Subsequently,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of wind shear in Urumqi Airport in winter and spring were analyzed by using radar recognition results.The evaluation shows that the regional divergence method has an optimal performance for identifying the low-level wind shear at the airport,with a success rate of 86.7%.14:00—16:00 is the occurrence time peak of low-level wind shear at the airport,and the high occurrence periods in winter and spring are 14:00—18:00 and 12:00—20:00,respectively.The wind shear frequency of 35.7%and wind shear intensity of 0.0042/s in spring are higher than those of 17.6%and 0.004/s in winter.The differences in radar detection frequency of wind shears at different parts of the runway and glide paths indicate that the radar can accurately capture the specific location of wind shears.The study provides a reference for the application of wind LiDAR in the field of low-level wind shear recognition.

关 键 词：激光技术 低空风切变识别 区域散度法 低空风切变特征 

分 类 号：TN958.98[电子电信—信号与信息处理] P412.25[电子电信—信息与通信工程]