石膏及化肥配施对碱矿区盐碱土改良的影响  

The Effect of Gypsum and Fertilizer Application on The Improvement of Saline Alkali Soil in Alkali Mining Areas

作　　者：侯崇 来亚芳 桑家福 李洋 HOU Chong;LAI Yafang;SANG Jiafu;LI Yang(Henan First Geological Exploration Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001)

机构地区：[1]河南省第一地质勘查院有限公司,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《现代农业研究》2024年第6期38-43,共6页Modern Agriculture Research

基　　金：河南省地质矿产勘查开发局局管地质科研项目(自筹经费)“桐柏吴城碱矿区土壤污染生态修复技术研究”(项目编号:豫地矿科研[2021]Z-15号)。

摘　　要：为了探究石膏配施化肥在不同配比下对碱矿区盐碱土的改良效果,本研究通过土培试验,将石膏与化肥各四种施入量两两组合,并以不施化肥和石膏处理作为对照,系统地研究了配施方案对盐碱土理化性状的影响。研究得出:与对照处理相比,各配施方案可以明显降低土壤盐碱障碍,使土壤的pH值从9.42最高下降到7.04;水溶性盐含量从0.64 g/kg提高到3 g/kg;并且明显提高土壤有机质(36.7%~40.6%)、全氮(81%~388%)、速效磷(317%~530%)和速效钾含量(36.2%~80.2%);总的来说,综合考虑到土壤pH值、养分适宜范围及经济效益,推荐H2S3处理(化肥施入量20 g/kg,石膏施入量100 g/m)作为最优处理,此处理可以对碱矿区盐碱土改良提供理论参考。In order to explore the improvement effect of gypsum combined with chemical fertilizers on saline alkali soil in alkaline mining areas under different ratios,this study conducted a soil culture experiment,combining four different application amounts of gypsum and chemical fertilizers in pairs,and using no chemical fertilizer and gypsum treatment as controls,systematically studied the effect of the combined application scheme on the physicochemical properties of saline alkali soil.The study found that compared with the control treatment,each combination of application schemes can significantly reduce soil salinity and alkali barriers,causing the soil p H value to decrease from the highest of 9.42 to 7.04;The content of water-soluble salts increased from 0.64 g/kg to 3 g/kg;And significantly increase soil organic matter (36.7%~40.6%),total nitrogen (81%~388%),available phosphorus (317%~530%),and available potassium content (36.2%~80.2%);Overall,considering the soil p H,suitable range of nutrients,and economic benefits,H2S3 treatment (fertilizer application of 20 g/kg,gypsum application of 100 g/m) is recommended as the optimal treatment.This treatment can provide theoretical reference for the improvement of saline alkali soil in alkali mining areas.

关 键 词：碱矿区 盐碱土改良 天然石膏 适宜施用量 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]