不同耕作方式对植烟土壤团聚体分布及稳定性的影响  

Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Distribution and Stability of Aggregate in Tobacco Growing Soil

作　　者：施正发 袁奎[2] 黄宁 胡勇 贺乘龙 谭钦腾 文锦涛 李启林 SHI Zhengfa;YUAN Kui;HUANG Ning;HU Yong;HE Chenglong;TAN Qinteng;WEN Jintao;LI Qilin(Guiyang Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Corporation,Guiyang Guizhou 550004,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司,贵州贵阳550004 [2]贵州大学机械工程学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《农业工程》2024年第6期118-123,共6页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：中国烟草总公司贵州省公司贵阳市公司科技项目(黔烟筑科[2022]1号);贵州省科技创新基地建设项目(黔科合中引地[2023]010)。

摘　　要：为探究植烟土壤团聚体分布及稳定性对不同耕作方式的响应,以丘陵烟区烟田黄壤土为研究对象,通过田间定位试验,设置深松1遍(T_(1)处理)、常规旋耕2遍(T_(2)处理)和翻耕1遍+旋耕1遍(T_(3)处理)3个处理,研究不同耕作方式对植烟土壤团聚体分布及稳定性的影响,包括对力稳定性团聚体含量、水稳定性团聚体含量、团聚体平均质量直径、水稳性团聚体稳定率、构体破碎率和不稳定团粒指数的测定与分析。结果表明,与T_(3)处理相比,T_(1)和T_(2)处理可使0~20 cm土壤层的>0.25~2.00 mm粒级团聚体的力稳性团聚体数量显著提高,>20~30 cm土壤层的>0.25 mm粒级团聚体的力稳性团聚体数量显著提高。T_(1)和T_(2)处理可使0~10和>20~30 cm土壤层的平均质量直径(干筛)值,以及0~30 cm土壤层的平均质量直径(湿筛)值显著提高。T_(1)处理可使0~10 cm土壤层的水稳性团聚体稳定率增大,而T_(2)处理可使>10~20和>20~30 cm土壤层的水稳性团聚体稳定率增大。采用T_(1)和T_(2)处理的耕作方式将有助于贵阳市典型丘陵烟区植烟土壤团聚体形成和稳定性的提升,该研究为优化丘陵烟区耕作方式提供理论支撑。In order to explore response of distribution and stability of tobacco planting soil aggregates to different tillage methods,yellow loam soil in hilly tobacco area was taken as research object.Through field positioning test,three treatments were set up:subsoiling once(T_1),conventional rotary tillage twice(T_2)and conventional tillage once+rotary tillage once(T_3).Effects of different tillage methods on distribution and stability of tobacco planting soil aggregates were studied,content of force-stable aggregates,content of water-stable aggregates,average weight diameter of aggregates,stability rate of water-stable aggregates,breakage rate of aggregates and unstable aggregate index were measured and analyzed.Results showed that,compared with T_(3)treatment,T_(1)and T_(2)treatment could significantly increase number of force-stable aggregates of 0.25 to 2.00 mm aggregates in 0 to 20 cm soil layer,and number of forcestable aggregates of>0.25 mm aggregates in>20 to 30 cm soil layer.Average weight diameter(dry sieve)value of 0 to 10 cm and>20 to30 cm soil layer and average weight diameter(wet sieve)value of 0 to 30 cm soil layer were significantly increased in T_(1)and T_(2)treatment.Stability rate of water-stable aggregates in 0 to 10 cm soil layer was increased in T_(1)treatment,while stability rate of water-stable aggregates in>10 to 20 cm and>20 to 30 cm soil layers was increased in T_(2)treatment.The use of T_(1)and T_(2)treatment tillage methods would contribute to formation and stability of soil aggregates in typical hilly tobacco growing areas of Guiyang City.This study could provide theoretical support for optimizing tillage methods in hilly tobacco growing areas.

关 键 词：土壤团聚体 耕作方式 力稳性团粒结构 水稳性团粒结构 

分 类 号：S232[农业科学—农业机械化工程]