某自卸车车厢的多目标尺寸优化  

Multi-objective size optimization of a dump truck carriage

作　　者：赵铁棨 龚运息[1] 唐毅林 邱崧 ZHAO Tieqi;GONG Yunxi;TANG Yilin;QIU Song(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545616,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学机械与汽车工程学院,广西柳州545616

出　　处：《广西科技大学学报》2024年第3期24-31,共8页Journal of Guangxi University of Science and Technology

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA22068055)资助。

摘　　要：针对某公司的自卸车车厢研究,为了降低车厢的制造成本,故对其进行结构轻量化的研究和探索。使用HyperMesh软件对车厢的三维模型进行有限元建模,并对其有限元模型进行静态和动态特性分析,其结果均满足设计目标,并具有一定的优化空间。但由于车厢设计变量较多,故引入改进灵敏度分析的方法从38组设计变量中筛选出6组关键设计变量。使用哈默斯雷采样法进行200次采样,使用最小二乘法和径向基函数生成响应面搭建近似模型,然后以车厢的应力、位移为约束条件,以质量最小和第6阶模态频率最大为优化目标,使用多目标遗传算法(multi objective genetic algorithm,MOGA)对参数化近似模型进行优化。优化后的结果表明,在保证其车厢静态和动态结构性能的同时,最终优化结果减重0.705 t,减重率10.34%,减重效果明显。To reduce the manufacturing cost of the dump truck carriage,the lightweight structure was studied.The finite element modeling for the three-dimensional model of the carriage was carried out by using HyperMesh software.And then the static and dynamic characteristics of the finite element model were analyzed.The results met the design objectives and had certain room for optimization.However,due to the large number of design variables of the carriage,an improved sensitivity analysis method was introduced to select 6 sets key design variables from 38 sets of design variables.The Hamersley sampling method was used for 200 times of sampling,and the least square method and radial basis function were used to generate the response surface to build an approximate model.Then,the MOGA(multi objective genetic algorithm)was used to optimize the parametric approximate model with the stress and displacement of the carriage as constraints,the minimum mass and the maximum sixth order mode frequency as optimization objectives.The optimized results showed that while ensuring the static and dynamic structural performance of the carriage,the final optimized result reduced weight by 0.705 t,with a weight reduction rate of 10.34%,which achieved a significant weight reduction effect.

关 键 词：车厢轻量化 哈默斯雷采样法 近似模型 多目标遗传算法(MOGA) 

分 类 号：U463.84[机械工程—车辆工程]