露天矿山大孔径预裂爆破参数研究与应用  

Research and application of large aperture pre-splitting blasting parameters in open-pit mines

作　　者：宗琦[1] 鲁智成 汪海波[1] 吴求忠 王梦想[1] ZONG Qi;LU Zhicheng;WANG Haibo;WU Qiuzhong;WANG Mengxiang(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Anhui University of Science&Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Anhui Zongyang Hailuo Cement Co.,Ltd.,Zongyang 244000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学土木建筑学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽枞阳海螺水泥股份有限公司,安徽枞阳244000

出　　处：《煤矿爆破》2024年第2期1-5,16,共6页Coal Mine Blasting

基　　金：安徽省爆破器材与技术工程实验室开放基金重点项目(AHBP2022A-02);安徽理工大学专利转化培育项目(ZL201908)。

摘　　要：预裂爆破是控制边坡成形、降低爆破动载影响的重要手段。为研究炮孔直径203 mm预裂爆破最佳不耦合系数和炮孔间距,运用LS-DYNA数值软件建立以不耦合系数、炮孔间距为变量的数值模型,分析不同工况下炮孔周围的裂纹扩展和峰值应力强度。结果表明:在空气不耦合系数分别为2.53、2.90、3.38、4.06、5.07、6.77的6种工况中,不耦合系数为4.06时,爆炸能量的利用率最高、裂纹扩展良好,与理论公式推导相符;进一步建立空气不耦合系数为4.06,炮孔间距为1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5 m的5组模型,得到炮孔间距为2.5 m时满足孔间裂纹贯穿条件,符合现场工况要求;现场应用效果较好,为类似工程提供借鉴。Presplitting blasting is an important means to control slope forming and reduce the effect of blasting dynamic load.In order to study the optimal uncoupling coefficient and hole spacing of pre-splitting blasting with hole diameter of 203 mm,a numerical model with uncoupling coefficient and hole spacing as variables is established by LS-DYNA.The crack growth and peak stress intensity around the hole under different working conditions are analyzed.The results show that when the air uncoupling coefficient is 2.53,2.90,3.38,4.06,5.07 and 6.77 respectively,the uncoupling coefficient is 4.06,the utilization rate of explosion energy is the highest and the crack propagation is good,which is consistent with the theoretical formula.Then,five groups of models with air uncoupling coefficient of 4.06 and hole spacing of 1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0 and 3.5 m are established.When the hole spacing is 2.5 m,the crack penetration condition between holes is satisfied,which meets the requirements of field working conditions.Moreover,the field application effect is good,which provides reference for similar projects.

关 键 词：露天矿山 预裂爆破 不耦合系数 爆炸应力波 爆生裂纹 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]