自然美何以通向环境伦理--尤金·哈格洛夫自然美理论的现象学之思  

How Natural Aesthetics Leads to Environmental Ethics:Phenomenological Reflections on Hargrove’s Theory of Natural Aesthetics

作　　者：刘泽昊 LIU Zehao

机构地区：[1]山东大学文艺美学研究中心,山东济南250100

出　　处：《海峡人文学刊》2024年第2期19-26,155,156,共10页Journal of Humanities Across the Straits

摘　　要：面对自然审美的人类中心主义之误,哈格洛夫试图将自然美作为环境伦理的根基,以内在价值与人类中心主义相结合的方式,弥合自然美的客观性与审美体验的主观性之间的裂痕,揭示自然美的生成机制。哈格洛夫将中世纪神学作为自然美创造性的哲学传统,以本体论辩护为自然美的在场寻求哲学基础,认为自然“存在先于本质”的特征不仅是自然的创造性与内在价值的体现,也为自然美的自行涌现提供了物性前提。自然美植根于自然现象的可能性之中,通常以是其所不是的样貌,作为显现之物的意义之根据而先行在场。自然美的显现是自然的感性形式与内在生命相互接洽的进程,自然审美体验唤醒了审美主体对自然的历史性感触,使此在摆脱了流俗的时间概念,获得了时间性的源初意蕴。Faced with the anthropocentric error of nature aesthetic,Hargrove attempts to make natural aesthetics the root of environmental ethics.The combination of intrinsic value and anthropocentrism defends the objectivity of natural aesthetics on an ontological level,thus bridging the rift between the objectivity of nature aesthetics and the subjectivity of aesthetic experience.Using medieval theology as the philosophical tradition for the creativity of natural aesthetics,Hargrove searches for philosophical roots for the presence of natural aesthetics with ontological arguments.Nature’s characteristic of“existence prior to essence”is not only a manifestation of nature’s creativity and intrinsic value,but also provides a material basis for natural beauty to emerge on its own.Natural aesthetics is rooted in the possibilities of natural phenomena,and is usually preceded by the presence of what it is not,as the basis for the meaning of what appears.The manifestation of natural aesthetics is a process in which the sensual form of nature and inner life are in contact with each other.The aesthetic experience of nature awakens the aesthetic subject’s historical sense of nature,so that this is freed from the commonplace notion of time and acquires the original meaning of temporality.

关 键 词：尤金·哈格洛夫 自然美 环境伦理 本体论 弱人类中心主义 

分 类 号：J901[艺术—电影电视艺术]