树种对土壤物理性质的影响——7种亚热带树种同质园试验  

Effects of Tree Species on Soil Physical Properties--A Common Garden Experiment of Seven Subtropical Tree Species

作　　者：郭冉 洪宗文 袁亚玲 兰婷 游成铭 徐振锋[1] 谭波[1] GUO Ran;HONG Zongwen;YUAN Yaling;LAN Ting;YOU Chengming;XU Zhenfeng;TAN Bo(Forestry Carbon Sink Research Center,College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University/Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Security in Upper Reaches of Yangtze River,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院林业碳汇研究中心/长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室/长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业局重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2024年第3期606-612,共7页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省应用基础研究项目(2021YJ0340);四川省杰出青年科技人才计划项目(2020JDJQ0052);国家自然科学基金(31870602)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过了解树种差异对土壤物理性质的影响,为亚热带人工林树种优化及土壤改良提供理论依据。【方法】试验以亚热带同质园7个阔叶树种,即大叶樟(Cinnamomum septentrionale)、桤木(Alnus cremastogyne)、油樟(Cinnamomum longepaniculatum)、天竺桂(Cinnamomum japonicum)、香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)、红椿(Toona ciliate)和香椿(Toona sinensis)为研究对象,在立地5 a后(2015-2020年)测定不同树种人工林和邻近撂荒地各土层(0~10、10~20和20~30 cm)土壤容重、总孔隙度、坚实度和抗剪强度的变化规律。【结果】①相较于撂荒地,树种显著影响0~30 cm土壤容重、0~10 cm和20~30 cm土壤坚实度和总孔隙度、20~30 cm土壤抗剪强度;②油樟、大叶樟、天竺桂和香樟4种樟属植物表层土壤容重整体高于其他树种,但土壤总孔隙度则相反;③土壤容重、土壤坚实度和土壤抗剪强度总体随土壤深度的增加而增大,变化范围分别为1.22~1.54 g/cm^(3)、143.9~335 N/cm^(3)和0.49~2.25 kg/cm^(2),土壤总孔隙度则呈现相反的变化趋势,变化范围为47.26%~52.55%;④土层深度显著影响土壤容重、总孔隙度、坚实度和抗剪强度,树种和土壤层次的交互作用显著影响土壤总孔隙度。【结论】树种可能通过改变凋落物输入和根系活动影响土壤理化性质,种植樟属植物可改善土壤物理特性。【Objective】By investigating the impact of tree species variation on soil physical properties,this study is aimed to provide theoretical basis for optimizing tree species selection and soil improvement strategies in subtropical artificial forests.【Method】The experiment focused on seven subtropical tree species,namely Cinnamomum septentrionale,Alnus cremastogyne,Cinnamomum longepaniculatum,Cinnamomum japonicum,Cinnamomum camphora,Toona ciliate and Toona sinensis.A common garden was established on a location with a uniform climatic conditionse,soil development and management his⁃tory.After 5 years of site establishment(2015-2020),the changes in soil bulk density,total porosity,firmness,and shear strength across different layers(20-30 cm)of artificial forests with tree species,as well as the adjacent abandoned land,layers(0-10,10-20 and 20-30 cm)were measured.【Result】①The stands of C.septentrionale,C.longepaniculatum,C.japonicum and C.camphora exhibited lower soil bulk density and higher soil total porosity than other stands in the 0-10 cm soil layer.②Tree species significantly influenced the soil bulk density in the 0-30 cm depth,soil compaction and soil total poros⁃ity in the 0-10 cm and 20-30 cm depth,and soil shear strength in 20-30 cm depth.③With the increase of soil depth,there was an increase in soil bulk density,soil compaction and soil shear strength in⁃creased in the 0-30 cm soil layer,while soil total porosity decreased.Soil bulk density,soil compaction,soil shear strength,and soil total porosity varied from 1.22 to 1.54 g/cm^(3),143.9 to 335 N/cm^(3),0.49 to 2.25 kg/cm^(2),and 47.26%to 52.55%,respectively.④The interaction between tree species and soil layer significantly influenced the soil total porosity,while the soil layer itself significantly affected the soil bulk density,total porosity,compaction and shear strength.【Conclusion】These results suggest that tree spe⁃cies improves soil physical and chemical properties by altering litter inputs and root activities.Further�

关 键 词：同质园 土壤容重 土壤总孔隙度 土壤坚实度 土壤抗剪强度 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]