基于CAN通信和UART通信的ECU板卡程序升级方案设计  

Program Upgrade Scheme Design of ECU Board Based on CAN Communication and UART Communication

作　　者：王霖 崔冬冬 杨帆 付波 高吉磊 WANG Lin;CUI Dongdong;YANG Fan;FU Bo;GAO Jilei(Locomotive&Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Zongheng Electro-Mechanical Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081 [2]北京纵横机电科技有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2024年第3期105-112,共8页Railway Locomotive & Car

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司院基金课题(2020YJ201)。

摘　　要：为实现电子控制单元内的板卡程序可靠升级,将MCU的存储区进行分割,设置了程序备份区域。介绍了基于统一诊断服务UDS协议和CAN通信的启动加载程序Bootloader升级板卡程序的方案,并在此基础上设计了基于Ymodem协议UART通信的在线程序升级方法。该方法利用MCU支持边读边写功能,通过在应用程序里增加程序下载任务,使用Ymodem协议接收程序,并将程序烧写至备份区内,待板卡再次上电后,利用Bootloader将备份区内的程序搬运至程序运行区内,实现程序的更新。为降低程序下载任务对其他任务的影响,减少CPU的占用时间,程序下载任务通过直接存储器访问DMA方式获取串口数据,同时通过在任务中增加延迟防止其他任务被长时间挂起。In order to reliably upgrade of the board program in the electronic control unit,we split the storage area of MCU and set the program backup area.This paper introduces the scheme of bootloader which upgrades ECU board program by using CAN communication and UDS protocol.On this basis,a scheme based on UART communication is designed.The scheme makes use of the read-write function supported by MCU,adds the program download task in the application program,uses the Ymodem protocol to receive the program,and burns the program to the backup area.After the board is powered on again,the bootloader moves the program in the backup area to the program operation area to realize the program update.In order to reduce the impact of the program download process on other tasks and reduce the CPU occupation time,the program download task obtains serial port data using DMA method.To prevent other tasks from being suspended for a long time,the program download task adds delay in the task.

关 键 词：统一诊断协议 启动加载程序 Ymodem协议 直接存储器访问 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]