区域国别视域下泰国、越南湄公河流域地区秩序的竞构  

Thailand and Vietnam’s Competition and Co-construction for Regional Order in the Mekong River Basin from a Perspective of Area Studies

作　　者：王震 WANG Zhen

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《南亚东南亚研究》2024年第1期75-91,154,155,共19页South and Southeast Asian Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“大国竞争背景下湄公河国家次区域合作自主性及中国的对策研究”(项目编号:23CGJ039)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：区域国别研究是了解相关地区和国家发展的基础,也是共建“一带一路”高质量发展的必要支撑,因为除大国博弈之外,区域内国家自身发展战略的能动性也会影响区域秩序的演变。在湄公河流域地区,泰国、越南两国的竞争深刻影响了地区秩序的变革。泰国、越南两国在这一地区的竞争是一个长期过程,两国对地区秩序构建的理念经历了“曼陀罗体系与亚朝贡体系”“资本主义与社会主义”等不同历史阶段的竞争,双方均表现出主导湄公河流域地区秩序的意愿并付出了实际行动。泰国、越南两国在湄公河流域地区秩序维度的竞争既是政治理念差异的结果,也是在区域权力结构下地缘政治的表现。尽管存在域外大国不同程度的干预,泰国、越南的竞争直接影响了老挝和柬埔寨的国内政治进程,塑造了湄公河流域的地区秩序。而泰国、越南竞构下的湄公河流域地区秩序也成为冷战后不同行为体开展湄公河次区域合作的前提和基础。基于此,当前,区域国别研究需要突破大国作用的窠臼,重视区域内国家间的历史互动与实践,而中国与湄公河国家开展的次区域双边、多边合作也应重视这种区域内长期存在的互动关系。Area Studies are fundamental for understanding the development of the relevant regions and countries,and also essential support for the high-quality development of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).In addition to great power game,the dynamics of the development strategies of the countries in the region also affects the evolution of regional order.In the Mekong River Basin,the competition between Thailand and Vietnam,which is a long-term process,profoundly affects on the transformation of regional order.Both countries’views for constructing regional order have gone through different historical stages of rivalry,such as the“Mandala system and the East Asian tribute system”and“capitalism and socialism”with both sides showing willingness to dominate the Mekong River Basin region order and taking concrete actions.The competition between Thailand and Vietnam in the dimension of regional order in the Mekong River Basin is both a result of political ideological differences and a manifestation of geopolitics in the context of regional power structures.Despite varying degrees of intervention from external major powers,the competition between Thailand and Vietnam directly affects the domestic political processes in Laos and Cambodia,shaping the regional order in the Mekong River Basin.The regional order of the Mekong River Basin under the competition between Thailand and Vietnam has also become a prerequisite and foundation for the Mekong sub-regional cooperation among different actors after the Cold War.Therefore,current Area Studies need to break free from the stereotype of great power roles and emphasize the historical interactions and practices among the countries within the region.Moreover,China’s sub-regional bilateral and multilateral cooperation with the Mekong countries should also prioritize the long-standing interactive relations in the region.

关 键 词：区域国别 湄公河流域 次区域权力竞争 地区秩序 

分 类 号：D833.6[政治法律—政治学] D833.3[政治法律—外交学]