婚外情赠与中“无过错”第三者利益保护辨析  

Protection of‘Bona fide’Mistress regarding Gifts Disputes in Extramarital Affairs

作　　者：张韵可 Zhang Yunke

机构地区：[1]北京市第三中级人民法院

出　　处：《北京政法职业学院学报》2024年第2期1-11,共11页Journal of Beijing College of Politics and Law

摘　　要：婚外情赠与纠纷中,判令第三者全额返还受赠财产的主流裁判路径弱化了对第三者主观层面的审查,不利于实现当事人利益平衡和实质公平。比较法中考察行为人动机或适用不法原因给付制度的裁判规则难以作为我国人民法院的裁判依据。在现有实体法规范下,无过错第三者遭受的损失难以通过赠与无效后的缔约过失责任得到救济,但无过错第三者可援引《民法典》第986条的得利丧失抗辩用于限制不当得利返还之范围。在举证责任方面,应由第三者负担其“不知道且不应当知道得利无法律依据”“得利消灭”以及因果关系的证明责任,其中因果关系的认定标准以宽松为宜。In cases regarding gifts disputes in extramarital affairs,the mistress shall return all of the gifted property according to the common judicial practices,which disregards the subjective intention of the mistress,leading to imbalance of interests between the parties and judicial unfairness.The foreign judicial practices,which suggest to examine the claimant’s motivation or to deny the claim for return for illegal causes,are inapplicable for the trials in China for lack of legal basis.Under the current effective laws,once the gifts contract is deemed invalid,the losses suffered by a‘bona fide’mistress or do nee cannot be redeemed by assuming contracting negligence liability of the donor.Nevertheless,the mistress can raise defense of disenrichment in accordance with Article 986 of Civil Code in unjust enrichment cases against the restitution claim.In terms of the burden of proof,the mistress should bear the burden of proving that he/she“did not know and should not have known the enrichment is unjust”,the“dis-enrichment”and the causal link between receipt and detriment.It’s also suggested that the courts move towards a broader approach in deciding causal link.

关 键 词：婚外情赠与 无过错第三者 公序良俗 不法原因给付 得利丧失抗辩 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]