对提单双重法律性质的反思  

Reflection on the Dual Legal Nature of Bill of Lading

作　　者：王奕 叶洋恋 Wang Yi;Ye Yanglian

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学法学院

出　　处：《北京政法职业学院学报》2024年第2期80-85,共6页Journal of Beijing College of Politics and Law

摘　　要：提单双重属性学说受到学界推崇,不断被作为理论依据分析案件,但该学说在司法、商业实践中存在诸多缺陷,根本原因是对提单法律属性及提单自身表征的权利存在认识偏差。因此,我们要重新审视提单的法律性质。从提单涉及的各个商业领域来看,无论法律关系如何变化,提单始终是提单持有人向承运人主张交付货物的债权单据,即提单仅具有债权性。只有正确把握提单性质,才有利于维护基础法律关系,保障提单持有人的合法权利得以实现。For a long time,scholars have studied the legal nature of bills of lading from different academic perspectives,resulting in various theoretical viewpoints.Nowadays,the dual attribute theory of bills of lading is highly respected by the academic community and continuously used as a theoretical basis for analyzing cases.However,this theory has many shortcomings in judicial and commercial practice,and the fundamental reason is that it has a deviation in understanding the legal attributes of bills of lading and the rights represented by bills of lading itself.Therefore,we need to re-examine the legal nature of the bill of lading.From the perspective of various commercial fields involved in the bill of lading,no matter how the legal relationship changes,the bill of lading is always a debt document that the holder of the bill of lading claims to deliver the goods to the carrier,that is,the bill of lading only has a debt nature.Only by correctly grasping the nature of the bill of lading can we maintain basic legal relationships and ensure the realization of the legitimate rights of the bill of lading holder.

关 键 词：提单 法律性质 物权性 债权性 

分 类 号：D913.99[政治法律—民商法学]