龙涧溪地表水体浮游生物群落调查与水质评估研究  

Investigation of Plankton Community and Water Quality Assessment in Longjian Creek

作　　者：周旭东 罗俊 陈潇 钟舒婷 张雨婷 卓嘎娜姆 王艺 Zhou Xudong;Luo Jun;Chen Xiao;Zhong Shuting;Zhang Yuting;Zhuoganamu;Wang Yi(Luzhou Vocational and Technical College,Luzhou 646600,Sichuan,China;Luzhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Station,Luzhou 646000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]泸州职业技术学院,四川泸州646600 [2]四川省泸州生态环境监测中心站,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第8期169-173,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：四川省生态环境保护科技项目(编号:2023HB34);四川省泸州市科技计划项目(编号:2021-JYJ-101);四川省泸州市科技计划重点项目(编号:2022-XDY-193)。

摘　　要：国家非常重视长江水体的保护,党的“十八大”提出“筑牢长江上游重要生态屏障”,以长江上游重要支流——沱江下游末端支流龙涧溪河段为研究对象,于2023年7-12月分别在上中下游选取3个断面,对其水生浮游生物种类、数量、群落组成等指标进行调查检测,并根据浮游生物组成和数量变化情况对龙涧溪水质进行了评估。结果表明:(1)龙涧溪水体中包括浮游植物8门,浮游动物3门。浮游植物包括蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、隐藻门(Cryptophyta)、金藻门(Chrysophyta)、甲藻门(Pyrrophyta)、黄藻门(Xanthophyta)、裸藻门(Euglenophyta)、硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)及绿藻门(Chlorophyta),优势种以硅藻门为主、占11.98%,其次是隐藻门、蓝细菌门;浮游动物有3门,分别为原生动物门(Protozoa)、轮虫(Rotifer)、枝角类(Cladocera),占比分别为34.7%、8.8%、1.7%,优势种为原生动物门。(2)浮游生物平均密度为1.444×10^(7)cell/L。(3)统计计算出Shannon-Weiner多样性指数(H′)平均值为1.282、Pielou均匀度指数(J)平均值为0.500、Margalef丰富度指数(d)平均值为1.160,经综合评估可知调查河段物种丰富度较低、群落结构较简单,总体表现为中度污染、一般级别水质。建议加强对龙涧溪沿线排污口的排查和管理,加强农村污水管网和处理设施的建设,继续加大环保宣传力度,增强群众的生态环境保护意识。The country attaches great importance to the protection of the Yangtze River water body.The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed"building an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River".This study focuses on the important tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River-the end tributary of the lower reaches of the Tuojiang River,the Longjianxi River,as the research object.From July to December 2023,three sections were selected in the upstream,middle and downstream to investigate and detect indicators such as the types,quantities,and community composition of aquatic plankton.And the water quality of Longjian Creek is evaluated based on changes in the composition and quantity of plankton.The results show that:①There are 8 phyla of phytoplankton and 3 phyla of zooplankton in the water body of Longjian Creek.Planktonic plants include the phyla Cyanobacteria,Cryptophyta,Chrysophyta,Pyrophyta,Xanthophyta,Euglenophyta,Bacillus,and Chlorophyta.The dominant species are Bacillariophyta,accounting for 11.98%,followed by Cryptophyta and Chlorophyta;There are three phyla of planktonic animals,namely Protozoa,Rotifers,and Cladocera,accounting for 34.7%,8.8%,and 1.7%respectively.The dominant species are Protozoa.②The average density of plankton is 1.444×10^(7) cell/L.③According to statistical calculations,the average Shannon Weiner diversity index(H′)is 1.282;the average Pielou evenness index(J)is 0.500,and the average Margalef richness index(d)is 1.160.After comprehensive evaluation,it can be concluded that the species richness and community structure of the surveyed river section are relatively low,and the overall performance is moderate pollution,with a general level of water quality.It is recommended to strengthen the investigation and management of sewage outlets along the Longjian River,strengthen the construction of rural sewage pipelines and treatment facilities,continue to increase environmental protection publicity,and enhance the public's awareness of

关 键 词：龙涧溪 浮游生物 群落调查 水质评估 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]