生防芽孢杆菌种子处理剂WS20的研制及对甘蓝枯萎病的防治效果  

Development of biocontrol Bacillus seed treatment agent WS20 and control efficacy against cabbage Fusarium wilt

作　　者：梁玉婷 任兴平 李惠霞 高有军 张海英[1] 刘永刚[1,2] LIANG Yuting;REN Xingping;LI Huixia;GAO Youjun;ZHANG Haiying;LIU Yonggang(Plant Protection Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Wuwei Chunfei Crop Technology Co.,Ltd,Wuwei 733009,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,兰州730070 [3]武威春飞作物科技有限公司,甘肃武威733009

出　　处：《农药学学报》2024年第3期482-491,共10页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：甘肃省重点人才项目(2023RCXM80);技术创新引导计划-东西协作项目(23CXNA0023);甘肃省农业科学院科研条件建设及成果转化项目(2021GAAS21);甘肃省中小企业创新基金(23CXGH0007)。

摘　　要：生防芽孢杆菌类微生物制剂能有效控制植物病害。本研究以具有生防潜力的萎缩芽孢杆菌ZY1825菌株发酵液为包衣种子处理剂活性成分,以甘蓝枯萎病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌为指示菌,采用单因素、正交、平板对峙试验和稀释平板计数法,明确了拮抗抑菌效果和生防菌活菌含量,通过对分散剂、成膜剂、稳定剂、防冻剂等助剂的筛选,确定了混合助剂最优配方为:木质素磺酸钠4.00%、羧甲基纤维素0.25%、膨润土1.00%、乙二醇0.50%、大红染料2.00%(均为质量分数)。生防芽孢杆菌种子处理剂WS20配方为:萎缩芽孢杆菌发酵液(9.28×109cfu/mL)与混合助剂体积比为2:1,成膜时间1.45 min,包衣均匀度93.06%,货架期可达150 d,热储和低温稳定性等指标均符合种子处理悬浮剂及微生物制剂的国家相关标准。采用WS20种子处理剂按药种质量比1:30包衣甘蓝种子,对甘蓝枯萎病的盆栽防效达64.94%。研究结果可为芽孢杆菌类生防种子处理剂制备和土传性病害生物防治提供参考。Biocontrol Bacillus microbial preparations can effectively control plant diseases.In this study,the fermentation broth of Bacillus atrophaeus ZY1825 strain with biocontrol potential was used as the active ingredient of the coated seed treatment agent, and the causal agent of cabbage Fusarium wilt was used as the indicator pathogen. Single factor, orthogonal, plate confrontation test, and dilution plate counting methods were used to determine the antagonistic antibacterial effect and the content of viable bacteria. Through the screening of dispersant, film-forming agent, stabilizer, antifreeze, and other additives, the optimal formula of mixed additives was determined as follows: 4.00% sodium lignosulfonate, 0.25% carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.00% bentonite, 0.50% ethylene glycol, and 2.00% scarlet dye (mass fraction). The formulation of biocontrol Bacillus seed treatment agent WS20 was as follows: 2 : 1 of the volume ratio for B. atrophaeus fermentation broth (9.28 × 109 cfu/mL) to mixed additives, and 1.45 min of film-forming time. The coating uniformity was 93.06%, and the shelf life was up to 150 d. The indexes of heat storage and low-temperature stability met the relevant national standards of seed treatment suspension agents and microbial preparation. The control effect on cabbage Fusarium wilt was 64.94% when the cabbage seeds were coated with WS20 at a mass ratio of 1 : 30. The research results can provide a reference for the preparation of biocontrol Bacillus seed treatment agents and the biological control of soil-borne diseases.

关 键 词：种子处理剂 生防菌 萎缩芽孢杆菌 助剂筛选 甘蓝枯萎病 防治效果 

分 类 号：TQ458[化学工程—农药化工] TQ450.6