大豆种子携带病原菌对8种杀菌剂的敏感性  

Sensitivity of soybean seed borne pathogens to eight fungicides

作　　者：张灿 刘詹云 常郑洁 徐辰僖 王雪洋 黄中乔[1] 刘西莉[1,2] ZHANG Can;LIU Zhanyun;CHANG Zhengjie;XU Chenxi;WANG Xueyang;HUANG Zhongqiao;LIU Xili(Department of Plant Pathology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Department of Plant Pathology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物病理学系,北京100193 [2]西北农林科技大学植物病理学系,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农药学学报》2024年第3期526-532,共7页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1401000)。

摘　　要：为筛选对大豆种子携带病原菌具有良好抑制效果的杀菌剂,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了从内蒙古大豆种子内部分离的4个属和种子表面分离的8个属的病原菌对不同作用机制杀菌剂的敏感性。结果表明,3种甾醇14α脱甲基酶抑制剂咪鲜胺、戊唑醇、氯氟醚菌唑对供试病原菌均有良好的抑制作用,其中氯氟醚菌唑抑菌效果最强,对所有供试病原菌的EC50值均小于3.73μg/mL。琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂氟吡菌酰胺对部分供试病原菌有较好的抑菌活性;线粒体呼吸链复合物III抑制剂嘧菌酯对除链格孢属Alternaria、Boeremia属外的多数供试病原菌具有良好的抑菌活性,EC50值介于0.01~5.53μg/mL之间;解偶联抑制剂氟啶胺仅对种子内部分离的织球壳属Plectosphaella无抑菌活性,对于其他供试病原菌的EC50值均小于3.39μg/mL。多菌灵和咯菌腈对多数供试病原菌抑菌活性良好,但对于链格孢属和织球壳属病原菌无抑菌作用。综上,可推荐使用咪鲜胺、戊唑醇、氯氟醚菌唑等甾醇14α脱甲基酶抑制剂与其他药剂科学复配来进行种子处理以防治大豆种子携带病原菌引起的主要病害。In order to screen fungicides with good inhibitory effect on pathogens carried by soybean seeds in Inner Mongolia,the sensitivity of four genera isolated from the interior of soybean seeds and eight genera isolated from the surface of soybean seeds to fungicides with different modes of action was measured by mycelium growth rate method.The results showed that the three 14α-demethylase inhibitors prochloraz,tebuconazole,and mefentrifluconazole had a good inhibitory effect on all tested strains,among which mefentrifluconazole had the strongest inhibitory efficacy with the EC_(50) values against all tested pathogens less than 3.73μg/mL.The succinic dehydrogenase inhibitor fluopyram had a good inhibitory effect on some pathogens. The mitochondrial complex III inhibitor azoxystrobin showed a good inhibitory effect on most pathogens except Alternaria and Boeremia, with the EC50 values ranging from 0.01 to 5.53 μg/mL. The EC50 values of uncoupling inhibitor fluazinam against other pathogens were all less than 3.39 μg/mL, except for Plectosphaella isolated from the seed interior. Carbendazim and fludioxonil had good inhibitory effects on most pathogens but had poor inhibitory effects on Alternaria and Plectosphaella. In summary, it is recommended to use the compound of 14α- demethylation inhibitors such as prochloraz, tebuconazole, mefentrifluconazole, and other agents for seed treatment to control the diseases caused by soybean seed-borne pathogens.

关 键 词：大豆 种子带菌 化学防治 杀菌剂 敏感性 种传病害 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]