呋虫胺对映体在水体沉积物中的选择性蓄积及对微生态系统的影响  

Stereoselective accumulation of sinotefuran enantiomers in water sediments and their effects on microecosystem

作　　者：林伟 李世博 王秀国[3] 吴平[1] 刘通 LIN Wei;LI Shibo;WANG Xiuguo;WU Ping;LIU Tong(Nanping Branch of Fujian Tobacco Company,Nanping 353000,Fujian Province,China;Wulian Branch of Rizhao Tobacco Company of Shandong Province,Rizhao 276800,Shandong Province,China;Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266100,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省烟草公司南平市公司,福建南平353000 [2]山东省日照市烟草公司五莲分公司,山东日照276800 [3]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《农药学学报》2024年第3期594-603,共10页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技项目(110202101052(LS-12));福建省烟草公司南平市公司科技项目(NYK2022-10-03)。

摘　　要：近年来,由新烟碱类杀虫剂引起的环境安全问题日益突出。呋虫胺作为新一代烟碱类杀虫剂的代表,充分评估其环境安全性具有重要意义。在本研究中,通过构建水-沉积物微宇宙系统,研究了呋虫胺在沉积物中的选择性蓄积及对沉积物微生态系统的影响。研究结果表明,与R-呋虫胺相比,S-呋虫胺在沉积物中具有更强的蓄积能力。暴露期间,R-呋虫胺和S-呋虫胺均导致沉积物中脲酶活性出现不同程度的降低。然而,沉积物中脱氢酶和过氧化氢酶活性在R-呋虫胺和S-呋虫处理组均显著升高。经过28 d的暴露,R-呋虫胺和S-呋虫胺均导致蛭弧菌门Bdellovibrionota、噬氢菌属Hydrogenophaga和不动杆菌属Acinetobacter丰度显著升高。此外,与R-呋虫胺相比,S-呋虫胺显著抑制了放线菌门Acidobacteriota、热脱硫杆菌门Desulfobacterota和黏菌门Myxococcota的丰度。S-呋虫胺对沉积物微生物群落产生了更强烈的负面影响,导致微生物群落多样性降低,促进了微生物的种间互作。研究表明,拟杆菌门Firmicutes下的狭义梭菌属Clostridium_sensu_stricto在S-呋虫胺的选择性降解中发挥重要作用,而放线菌门Actinobacteriota下的微生物在R-呋虫胺的选择性降解中发挥主要作用。相关研究结果有利于评估呋虫胺在水生态系统中的环境安全性,为呋虫胺的正确使用和污染修复提供理论依据。In recent years,the environmental safety problem of neonicotinoid insecticides has become increasingly prominent.As a representative of the new generation of neonicotinoid insecticides,it is of great significance to fully assess the environmental safety of dinotefuran.In this study,the stereoselective adsorption of dinotefuran in water sediment and its effects on the sediment microecosystem were studied by constructing a water-sediment microcosmic system.The results showed that S-dinotefuran had a stronger adsorption capacity in sediment than R-dinotefuran.During the whole exposure period,both R-dinotefuran and S-dinotefuran caused the decrease of urease activity in the sediment.However,the dehydrogenase and catalase activities in the sediment were significantly enhanced under the exposure treatment of either R-dinotefuran or S-dinotefuran.After 28 d of exposure,both R-dinotefuran and S-dinotefuran resulted in significant increases in the abundance of Bdellovibrionota,Hydrogenophaga and Acinetobacter.Additionally,S-dinotefuran significantly inhibited the abundance of Acidobacteriota,Desulfobacterota and Myxococcota compared with R-dinotefuran.S-dinotefuran had a stronger negative effect on the sediment microbial community,resulting in a decrease in microbial community diversity,and promoted the microbial species interaction.The results indicated that the Clostridium_sensu_stricto genus under the Firmicutes phylum played an important role in the degradation of S-dinotefuran,while the microorganisms under the Actinobacteriota phylum played a major role in the degradation of R-dinotefuran.These results are conducive to the environmental safety evaluation of dinotefuran in aquatic ecosystems,and provide theoretical basis for the rational use and pollution remediation of dinotefuran.

关 键 词：手性农药 新烟碱类杀虫剂 微生物 残留特征 生态毒性 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]