行距配置和灌水量对无地膜滴灌棉田土壤水热及产量的影响  

Different row spacing and irrigation water for no film drip irrigation cotton soil hydrothermal and yield

作　　者：毛廷勇 胡强 林皎 刘婵[1,2,3] 张变兄 曹娟 党希平[1] 李玲 MAO Tingyong;HU Qiang;LIN Jiao;LIU Chan;ZHANG Bianxiong;CAO Juan;DANG Xiping;LI Ling(College of Agronomy,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Efficient Production for Specialty Crops in Arid Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Corps,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Key Laboratory of Tarim Oasis Agriculture Tarim University,Ministry of Education,Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]南疆干旱区特色作物遗传改良与高效生产兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木绿洲农业教育部重点实验室塔里木大学,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2024年第2期47-53,共7页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：塔里木大学校长基金硕士项目(TDZKSS202201);塔里木大学校长基金创新团队项目(TDZKCX202309)。

摘　　要：本试验以‘中棉619’为试验材料,采用裂区设计,研究了两种行距配置宽窄行模式、等行距模式,三种灌水量处理W1(4200 m^(3)hm^(2))、W2(5100m^(3)hm^(2))、W3(6000 m^(3)hm^(2))条件下,无膜滴灌棉田土壤温度、水分和棉花产量的变化规律。结果表明:不同行距配置改变了棉田不同生育期的土壤水热状况,土壤含水率随着行距的缩短及灌水量的增加而增加,与P1模式相比,P2模式下的土壤含水率和土壤温度分别提高5.8%~8.3%和5.8%~10.0%。不同行距配置对棉花产量构成因素有显著影响,在P2处理下,单株铃数较P1处理有显著增加。不同灌水量处理对产量有显著差异,W3处理的产量比W1、W2处理分别高6.4%和20.1%(P<0.05)。综上所述,P2、W3种植模式可以改善棉田土壤水热状况,提高棉花产量,为南疆地区高产无膜滴灌棉花的行距配置和灌水量的示范和推广奠定基础。In this experiment,‘Zhongmian 619’was used as the test material,and the split zone design was used to study two row spacing configurations of wide and narrow row mode and equal row spacing mode,and three irrigation water treatment conditions were W1(4200 m^(3)hm^(2)),W2(5100 m^(3)hm^(2))and W3(6000m^(3)hm^(2)).Changes of soil temperature,moisture and cotton yield in cotton fields under drip irrigation without film.The results showed that the soil moisture content increased with the shortening of row spacing and the increase of irrigation amount.Compared with P1 mode,the soil moisture content and soil temperature in P2 mode increased by 5.8%-8.3%and 5.8%-10%,respectively.Different row spacing had a significant effect on cotton yield.Under P2 treatment,boll number per plant increased significantly compared with P1 treatment.The yield of W3 treatment was 6.4%and 20.1%higher than that of W1 and W2 treatment(P<0.05).In summary,P2 and W3 planting patterns can improve soil moisture and heat status of cotton field,increase cotton yield,and lay a foundation for the demonstration and promotion of row spacing allocation and irrigation amount of high-yield non-film drip irrigation cotton in Southern Xinjiang.

关 键 词：行距配置 灌水量 土壤水热 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]