文书再造:当科层制铁笼扩张踢到专业能力铁板  

The Reverse Flow of Documents:When the Iron Cage of Bureaucracy Encounters the Iron Wall of Professional Skills

作　　者：梅赐琪[1] 李舒敏 Mei Ciqi;Li Shumin(School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2024年第5期109-118,159,共11页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：清华大学自主科研计划2022年文科专项课题“接诉即办对基层治理的影响研究”。

摘　　要：自上而下提升社会治理精细化水平的努力,使得科层制逐渐向社区居委会扩张。不少理论曾指出,科层制铁笼因其效率优势会顺利地实现向传统非科层制组织的扩张。但是,科层制铁笼的扩张真的不可阻挡吗?一个北京市W街道D社区处理接诉即办文书工作的案例提供了反面证据。研究发现,社区居委会和街道办事处之间出现了“文书再造”的现象:因为文书能力不足,按照科层制分工原则本应由居委会完成的文书工作最后不得不回传至街道办再造,科层化扩张未果。文书再造现象表明:科层制“铁笼”在向非科层制组织推进的过程中,可能会遇到后者专业能力不足的“铁板”。非科层制组织属性与科层制原则的对立是专业能力不足表象背后的实质原因。The top-down efforts to enhance societal governance have witnessed gradual expansion of bureaucracy to community committees.Pundits also predicted that the expansion of bureaucracy into the nonbureaucratic organization is unstoppable due to its advantage in efficiency.However,is the expansion of bureaucracy really unstoppable?Case study on a Beijing community shows otherwise.In handling a case for the high-profile“Processing Public Complaints without Delay”program,community committee and subdistrict office witness a phenomenon we dubbed as“the Reverse Flow of Documents”,i.e.the paperwork that should have been completed by the community committee according to the principle of bureaucratic division of labor has to be returned to the subdistrict office for completion because the former lacks the proper professional skills in documenting.The expansion of bureaucracy was obstructed.The phenomenon indicates that expansion of bureaucratic iron cage may encounter the iron wall of professional skills.The lack of professional skills,or the iron wall,is rooted in the contradiction between the characteristics of non-bureaucratic grassroots organizations and the principle of bureaucracy.

关 键 词：行政化 接诉即办 基层治理 社会治理 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]