岷江上游1995—2020年生态地质环境安全评价与时空演化分析  

Spatiotemporal Evolution and Assessment of Ecological and Geological Environment Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Minjiang River from 1995 to 2020

作　　者：计扬 巴仁基[1] 肖成志 刘磊[1] 周雪妮 曹亚廷 JI Yang;BA Renji;XIAO Chengzhi;LIU Lei;ZHOU Xueni;CAO Yating(Civil-Military Integration Center of China Geological Survey,Chengdu,Sichuan 610036,China;Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects,Beijing 100055,China;School of Geophysics and Geomatics,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan,Hubei 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局军民融合地质调查中心,四川成都610036 [2]自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室,北京100055 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《现代地质》2024年第3期648-659,共12页Geoscience

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“岷江上游干旱河谷区生态保护修复支撑调查”(DD20220955);“青藏高寒区资源与环境调查监测与评价”(DD20220881)。

摘　　要：岷江上游是长江上游生态安全的重要屏障,在“5·12”汶川地震发生后,地下岩体、地表基质和地上生态都受到了严重的破坏。为探索岷江上游流域地震前后生态地质环境安全状况,从“地质环境-生态环境”两个维度选取了16个评价指标,基于AHP-PCA熵组合权重法对岷江上游流域1995年、2001年、2009年和2020年生态地质环境安全进行评价并分析演化趋势。结果表明:岷江上游流域生态地质环境安全整体以较安全-安全为主。其中,生态地质环境较安全-安全主要分布在流域的中、东部地区,较不安全-不安全主要分布在西、北部高山区以及深切河谷区,整体呈现中东部高、西部和北部低的格局。1995—2020年岷江上游生态地质环境安全整体呈现先降低后逐步升高的趋势。其中,流域北部及深切河谷区生态地质环境安全变化波动大,且呈现升高-降低-升高的趋势,生态地质环境不稳定;西南部生态地质环境安全整体以降低为主,虽降低区域逐渐减少,但总体生态地质环境仍持续变差;流域中部生态地质环境安全整体以升高为主,且升高区域逐渐增加,生态地质环境持续向好。本次研究结果可为岷江上游生态保护修复提供基础支撑。The upper reaches of the Minjiang river are key barriers of ecological safety in the upper reaches of the Yangtze river.Since the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008,the underground rock masses,surface matrix,and aboveground ecology were severely damaged.To investigate the status of ecological and geological safety in the upper reaches of the Minjiang river before and after the earthquake,we selected 16 evaluation indicators from the two dimensions of“geological environment-ecological environment”.We also evaluated the ecological and geological environment safety of the upper reaches of the Minjiang river basin in 1995,2001,2009,and 2020 based on the AHP-PCA entropy-combination weight method,and furthermore analyzed its evolution trend.The results indicate that the overall ecological and geological environments in the upper reaches of the Minjiang river basin are generally safe.Specifically,the ecological and geological environments are relatively safer in the central and eastern regions of the basin,while the relatively less safe or unsafe regions are mainly distributed in the western and northern high mountain areas and deep valley areas.This presents a general pattern of high safety in the central and eastern regions and low safety in the western and northern regions.From 1995 to 2020,the overall ecological and geological environment safety in the upper reaches of the Minjiang river showed a trend of decreasing at the beginning and then gradually increasing.The ecological and geological environment safety in the northern and deep valley areas of the watershed fluctuates greatly,showing an increasing-decreasing-increasing trend and unstable ecological and geological environments.The overall safety of the ecological and geological environments in the southwest is reduced after the earthquake.Although the reduced area gradually decreases,the overall ecological and geological environments continue deteriorating.The overall safety of the ecological and geological environments in the central part of the basin is general

关 键 词：生态地质环境安全评价 层次分析法 主成分分析法 最小信息熵 岷江上游流域 

分 类 号：P962[天文地球—自然地理学]