2A12包铝薄板阳极氧化膜黑点原因分析及解决  

Reason analysis of black spots appearing on anodization film of pure aluminum clad 2A12 aluminum alloy sheet and countermeasures

作　　者：闫思洁 王晓伟 邵星海[2] YAN Sijie;WANG Xiaowei;SHAO Xinghai(AVIC Jonhon Optronic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471003,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)

机构地区：[1]中航光电科技股份有限公司,河南洛阳471003 [2]河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2024年第6期110-116,共7页Electroplating & Finishing

摘　　要：[目的]2A12包铝薄板在硫酸阳极氧化及封闭后表面出现大量针尖状黑点。解决该问题对指导生产极其重要。[方法]先通过扫描电镜和能谱仪对比了黑点位置和正常区域阳极氧化膜及基体的形貌和元素组成,然后结合生产实际来分析黑点出现的原因,并进行验证试验,提出了控制膜层黑点的措施。[结果]2A12包铝薄板表面存在含碳夹杂物,对应部位在阳极氧化过程中不参与反应成膜。阳极氧化前用硝酸-氢氟酸处理2A12包铝薄板,黑点问题得以解决。[结论]原材料状态是影响包铝薄板硫酸阳极氧化的因素之一。因此除了控制好各工序的工艺参数外,还应对原材料的品质进行严格把控。[Introduction]Plenty of pinpoint-like black spots appeared on the surface of pure aluminum clad 2A12 aluminum alloy sheet after sulfuric acid anodization and sealing.It is very important to solve this problem for guiding the anodization production.[Method]The micromorphologies and elemental compositions of anodization film and substrate at black spot and normal area were compared by electron scanning microscopy(SEM)and energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS).The causes for the formation of black spot were analyzed according to the actual production,and corresponding verification tests were conducted.Some countermeasures were presented.[Result]There were some carbon-containing inclusions on the surface of pure aluminum clad 2A12 aluminum alloy sheet,which didn’t participate in the reactions related to film formation during anodization.Therefore,it was proposed to treat the substrate with a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid prior to anodization.The black spot defects were eliminated.[Conclusion]The state of substrate is one of the important factors affecting the sulfuric acid anodization of pure aluminum clad aluminum alloy sheet.Not only the process parameters of each procedure but also the quality of substrate should be strictly controlled.

关 键 词：铝合金 包铝薄板 硫酸阳极氧化 黑点缺陷 故障解决 

分 类 号：TQ153.6[化学工程—电化学工业]