退役锂离子电池失效机制研究进展  

Research on Failure Mechanism of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

作　　者：邓聪 林艳[1,2] DENG Cong;LIN Yan(Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2024年第6期457-466,共10页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金资助项目(52164049);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1907901)。

摘　　要：揭示锂离子电池失效机制,有助于分析对应的退役锂电材料特性,从而为“因材施策”优选最经济有效的退役锂离子电池回收路径提供理论支撑,是构建多策略梯级回收技术体系的重要依据。归纳总结现行研究发现的锂离子电池失效机制,分类探讨安全失效和性能失效的主要因素,结合锂电材料失效机制分析失效锂电材料的结构及成分变化,并基于材料失效特性讨论相应的退役锂电材料回收方法。最后,针对构建“失效机制-回收策略”互馈的退役锂离子电池多策略协同回收技术体系提出工作设想。Revealing the failure mechanisms of lithium-ion batteries is crucial for analyzing the characteristics of spent lithium-ion battery materials,which could provide theoretical support for selecting the most cost-effective and efficient recycling path based on material-specific strategies,forming an important foundation for constructing a multi-strategy cascade recycling technology system.This paper reviews the current research findings on the failure mechanisms of lithium-ion batteries,categorizes and explores the key factors contributing to safety and performance failures,investigates the structural and compositional changes of spent lithium-ion materials in relation to their failure mechanisms,and analyzes corresponding recycling strategies based on spent lithium-ion battery materialsfailure characteristics.Based on the failure characteristics of materials,discusses the corresponding recycling methods for spent lithium-ion batteries.Finally,proposes a working hypothesis for the construction of a multi-strategy collaborative recycling technology system for spent lithium-ion batteries that feeds back between failure mechanisms and recycling strategies.

关 键 词：退役锂离子电池 失效机制 安全失效 性能失效 回收策略 

分 类 号：O646.21[理学—物理化学] X705[理学—化学]