强采动巷道断顶卸压稳定性控制机理及应用  

Control Mechanism and Application of Roof Break Relief Stability of Strong Mining Roadway

作　　者：刘光饶 齐振敏 杨位良 刘建荣 翟军存 何晓青 王慧 孙延辉 LIU Guang-rao;QI Zhen-min;YANG Wei-liang;LIU Jian-rong;ZHAI Jun-cun;HE Xiao-qing;WANG Hui;SUN Yan-hui(Xinshanghai No.1 Coal Mine,Inner Mongolia Shanghaimiao Mining Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 016299,China;School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古上海庙矿业有限责任公司新上海一号煤矿,鄂尔多斯016299 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第17期7090-7098,共9页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52174096);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2022YJSSB03)。

摘　　要：为解决强采动条件下巷道大变形难题,以新上海一号矿1806N工作面辅运顺槽为工程背景,采用实地勘探、理论分析、数值模拟的方法分析强采动巷道变形破坏原因及围岩大变形机理,提出相应的控制对策进行现场工业性试验。研究发现:1806N工作面辅运顺槽大变形主要影响因素为岩石强度低、节理裂隙发育、完整性差、顶板富水严重、围岩遇水泥化,强采动高集中应力。基于围岩大变形断顶控制机理,形成辅运顺槽深部爆破定向预裂断顶结合补强加固的设计方案。借助数值模拟对断顶及未断顶巷道应力变化规律进行对比分析,断顶巷道端头最大垂直应力14.6 MPa,断顶后巷道端头最大垂直应力12.5 MPa,断顶后端头处垂直应力减小14%,断顶具有一定切断应力传递及减小巷道收缩的效果。开展现场工业性试验,断顶后端头顶底板位移减小37%,两帮变形减小19%,底臌发育长度减小92%,结果表明断顶可有效减少端头巷道变形以及超前底臌发育长度和高度,可为相似工程地质条件巷道建设提供参考。In order to solve the problem of large deformation of roadway under strong mining conditions,taking 1806N working face auxiliary transport channel of No.1 mine of New Shanghai as engineering background,the causes of deformation and destruction of strong mining roadway and the mechanism of large deformation of surrounding rock were analyzed by field exploration,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods,and corresponding control strategies were put forward for engineering application.The results show that the main reasons for deformation and failure of surrounding rocks are low rock strength,heavy water-rich roof and strong mining stress.Based on the control mechanism of large deformation roof cutting of surrounding rocks,the design scheme of deep directional roof cutting combined with tunnel reinforcement was formed.By means of numerical simulation,the stress variation law of the roadway with broken roof and the roadway without broken roof is compared and analyzed.The maximum vertical stress at the end of the roadway with broken roof is 14.6 MPa,the maximum vertical stress at the end of the roadway with broken roof is 12.5 MPa,and the vertical stress at the end of the roadway with broken roof is reduced by 14%.It is considered that broken roof has certain effect of cutting stress transmission and reducing tunnel shrinkage.Through field industrial tests,the displacement of the top and bottom slab at the end of the broken roof is reduced by 41.5%,the deformation of the two sides is reduced by 12.5%,and the development length of the bottom heave is reduced by 92%.The results show that the broken roof can effectively reduce the deformation of the end tunnel and the development length and height of the advanced bottom heave,which can provide reference for tunnel construction under similar engineering geological conditions.

关 键 词：强采动 断顶卸压 巷道支护 软岩 

分 类 号：TD26[矿业工程—矿井建设] TU457[建筑科学—岩土工程]