蓖麻收获指数相关性状QTL定位及候选基因分析  

QTL Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis for Harvest Index and Related Traits in Castor

作　　者：张肖肖 殷学贵[1] 陆建农[1] 黄冠荣 张柳琴 刘朝裕 林海虹 左金鹰 ZHANG Xiaoxiao;YIN Xuegui;LU Jiannong;HUANG Guanrong;ZHANG Liuqin;LIU Chaoyu;LIN Haihong;ZUO Jinying(College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《华北农学报》2024年第3期77-87,共11页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31271759)。

摘　　要：为揭示蓖麻收获指数遗传规律及挖掘其候选基因,同时为蓖麻收获指数遗传改良提供参考,通过9048×16-201杂交组合构建了F_(2)和BC_(1)(F_(1)×P_(2))群体,利用完备区间作图法(ICIM-ADD)对收获指数及相关性状进行了表型性状研究及QTL定位,并利用S1群体对主效QTL簇进行验证。综合发现,收获指数与单株产量、单株蒴果数、单株粒数、主穗结实率、一级分枝穗结实率呈极显著正相关,与单株结实率、二级分枝穗结实率、单株百粒质量及单株有效穗数呈正相关,与生物量、根质量呈负相关;单株产量与其他性状间均呈正相关。在F_(2)/BC_(1)群体中共检测到收获指数及相关性状31/21个QTL,贡献率在1.64%~19.96%/0.90%~11.51%。共发现了4个增效等位基因来源于16-201的稳定QTL和5个主效QTL,其中的3个主效QTL(FqSRPS3-3、FqSRPBS3-3和BqSRSBS3-1)和2个稳定QTL(FqSRPS3-3/BqSRPS3-1、BqSRPBS3-1)聚拢在第3染色体的QTL-cluster1(RCM915~RCM950,997.10 kb)上,且在S1群体上再次检测到8个QTL-cluster1的等位QTL。因此,进一步在QTL-cluster1里,甄选了3个候选基因(Rc-US03g04790、Rc-US03g05640和Rc-US03g05810),它们在双亲多个组织中差异表达,每个候选基因在高表达亲本的相对表达量是低表达亲本的2.34~880.06倍,1.85~51.56倍和2.01~236.03倍。In order to reveal the genetic law of Ricinus communis harvest index and explore its candidate genes,and provide a reference for the genetic improvement of castor harvest index.F_(2) and BC_(1)(F_(1)×P_(2))populations were constructed by 9048×16-201 hybrid combination.The phenotypic traits and QTL mapping of harvest index and related traits were studied by inclusive composite interval mapping(ICIM-ADD)method and the main QTL cluster was verified in S 1 population with the same method.It was found that the harvest index was significantly positively correlated with yield per plant,capsule number per plant,grain number per plant,seed setting rate of main panicle,positively correlated with seed setting rate per plant,seed setting rate of primary branch panicle,seed setting rate of secondary branch panicle,100-grain weight per plant and effective panicle number per plant,and negatively correlated with biomass and root weight.The yield per plant was positively correlated with other traits.A total of 31/21 QTLs underlying harvest index and related traits were detected in F_(2)/BC_(1) populations,with a contribution ratio of 1.64%-19.96%/0.90%-11.51%,including 4 stable QTLs with favorable alleles from 16-201 and 5 major QTLs.Significantly,3 stable QTLs(FqSRPS3-3,FqSRPBS3-3 and BqSRSBS3-1)and 2 major QTLs(FqSRPS3-3/BqSRPS3-1 and BqSRPBS3-1)were clustered on the QTL-cluster1(RCM915-RCM950,997.10 kb)on chromosome 3,and 8 allelic QTLs from QTL-cluster1 were found in S 1 population repeatedly.Therefore,3 candidate genes(Rc-US03g04790,Rc-US03g05640 and Rc-US03g05810)were selected in QTL-cluster1,which were differentially expressed in multiple tissues of both parents.The relative expression levels of each candidate gene in high-expression parents were 2.34-880.06 times,1.85-51.56 times and 2.01-236.03 times higher than those in low-expression parents.

关 键 词：蓖麻 收获指数 QTL定位 主效QTL 候选基因 

分 类 号：S565.03[农业科学—作物学] Q78[生物学—分子生物学]