船舶溢油污染海冰可见光-近红外反射光谱特征及其角度效应  

Visible Near-Infrared Reflection Spectrum Characteristics and Angular Effects of Sea Ice Contaminated by Ship Oil Spills

作　　者：许建康 刘丙新[1,2] 杜雨隆 李颖 刘鹏[1,2] 陈澎 XU Jian-kang;LIU Bing-xin;DU Yu-long;LI Ying;LIU Peng;CHEN Peng(School of Navigation,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China;Environmental Information Research Institute,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学航海学院,辽宁大连116026 [2]大连海事大学环境信息研究所,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2024年第7期2075-2082,共8页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52271359);国家重点研发计划重点专项(2020YFE0201500);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3132022146)资助。

摘　　要：随着北极航线的开通,往来极地冰区的船只数量逐年增加,这使得发生冰区溢油的风险随之增加。冰区溢油具有清理难度大、污染持续时间长等特点,快速准确的监测手段成为提高清理效率、降低污染危害的重要途径之一。遥感技术在开阔水域溢油的监测中得到了广泛应用,但在有冰海区溢油的监测研究较少。尤其对于受溢油污染的海冰的反射光谱特征及其随角度变化规律的研究鲜有报道。通过开展海冰溢油模拟实验,测量不同观测天顶角和相对方位角下油污染海冰的可见光-近红外反射光谱,天顶角每间隔10°采集一次,范围为:-50°~50°,相对方位角包括了:0°、90°、180°、270°。利用光谱标准偏差分析海冰受污染前后的光谱差异,选取差异值最大的波段560 nm作为油污染海冰识别的特征波段。为探寻特征波段反射差异随观测几何变化的规律,构建了一种考虑海冰前向散射特征的核驱动模型Ross Thick-Roujean-r-RPV,并利用实测数据进行检验,在主平面和垂直主平面的拟合误差分别为0.00462、0.00416,拟合效果优于Ross Thick-Li sparse、Ross Thick-Li sparse R、Ross Thick(QU)-Roujean及Ross Thick(QU)-Li sparse R-r-RPV等常用核驱动模型。利用该模型,进一步模拟了不同观测几何条件下油污染前后海冰特征波段反射差异的角度效应。结果表明,海冰在相同观测几何条件下,受污染前后反射光谱存在差异,污染海冰反射率要低于清洁海冰,且清洁海冰在波段1013~1196 nm范围内存在一个波峰,而在受污染后此波峰消失;当观测方位角不同时,海冰反射率也存在差异,具体表现为,在前向方向随着观测角度的增大而增加,而在后向方向则表现为随观测角度的增加而降低;在主平面方向,反射率随观测角度增加则是先增加后降低。在天顶角为50°,相对方位角范围在250°~290°时,光谱差异最大,即最有利于海冰溢油的提取With the opening of the Arctic shipping route,the number of vessels traveling to and from polar ice regions has been increasing yearly,leading to an increased risk of oil spills in the ice zone.Difficulties in cleanup and long-lasting pollution characterize oil spills in icy areas.Therefore,the development of fast and accurate monitoring methods has become an important approach to improving cleanup efficiency and reducing pollution hazards.Remote sensing technology has been widely applied in monitoring oil spills in open waters,but there is relatively less research on monitoring oil spills in ice-covered seas.In particular,there are few reports on the reflection spectral characteristics of oil-contaminated sea ice and their variations with viewing angles.In this study,through simulated experiments of oil spills on sea ice,visible-near-infrared reflection spectra of oil-contaminated sea ice were measured at different observation zenith angles and relative azimuth angles.Measurements were taken at intervals of 10°for zenith angles ranging from-50°to 50°,and relative azimuth angles included 0°,90°,180°,and 270°.Analyzing the spectral standard deviation before and after ice pollution,the wavelength of 560 nm with the most significantdifference was selected as the characteristic wavelength for identifying oil-contaminated sea ice.This study constructed a kernel-driven model to explore the relationship between the reflectance difference of the characteristic wavelength and the geometric variations of observations.This Ross Thick-Roujean-r-RPV model considered the forward scattering characteristics of sea ice.The model was tested using measured data,and the fitting errors in the principal plane and vertical principal plane were 0.00462 and 0.00416,respectively,showing better fitting performance than commonly used kernel-driven models such as Ross Thick-Li sparse,Ross Thick-Li sparse R,Ross Thick(QU)-Roujean,and Ross Thick(QU)-Li sparse R-r-RPV.Using this model,the study further simulated the angular effects of th

关 键 词：海冰 溢油监测 光谱识别 BRDF 核驱动模型 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]