Si调控Cu-20Sn-15Ti钎料显微组织与性能的演变行为  

Evolution behavior of microstructure and properties of Cu-20Sn-15Ti filler metal regulated by Si

作　　者：张黎燕[1] 杜全斌 毛望军 崔冰[2] 李昂 王蕾[1] 纠永涛 梁杰 ZHANG Liyan;DU Quanbin;MAO Wangjun;CUI Bing;LI Ang;WANG Lei;JIU Yongtao;LIANG Jie(Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Integration for Superhard Materials,Henan Mechanical and Electrical Vocational College,Zhengzhou 451191,China;Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials,Ministry of Education,Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan 243002,Anhui,China;Ningbo Zhongji Songlan Cutting Tool Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315700,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]河南机电职业学院,河南省超硬材料智能制造装备集成重点实验室,郑州451191 [2]安徽工业大学,教育部先进金属材料绿色制造与表面技术重点实验室,安徽马鞍山243002 [3]宁波中机松兰刀具科技有限公司,浙江宁波315700

出　　处：《金刚石与磨料磨具工程》2024年第3期309-318,共10页Diamond & Abrasives Engineering

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目资助(232102220058,222102220114,202102210072);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(24A460008)。

摘　　要：为通过成分调控改善Cu-Sn-Ti钎料的显微组织及性能,采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪及EDS能谱分析等设备,研究了Si对Cu-20Sn-15Ti钎料显微组织与性能的影响规律。结果表明:Cu-20Sn-15Ti钎料的显微组织为大尺寸多边形状CuSn_(3)Ti_(5)相、共晶组织和α-Cu相。添加少量的Si(质量分数≤2.0%)可细化钎料中多边形状CuSn_(3)Ti_(5)相,并生成小尺寸Si_(3)Ti_(5)相,较多的Si(质量分数≥3.0%)会造成多边形状CuSn_(3)Ti_(5)相分化离散、共晶组织粗化减少,Si_(3)Ti_(5)相含量增加且粗化,当Si含量增至5.0%时,钎料不再生成多边形状CuSn_(3)Ti_(5)相和共晶组织,Ti主要用于生成Ti_(5)Si_(3)相,显微组织主要为Ti_(5)Si_(3)相、α-Cu相、Cu41Sn11相和少量条状CuSn_(3)Ti_(5)相;与Cu、Sn相比,Si与Ti具有更强的化学亲和力,Si优先与Ti反应生成Ti_(5)Si_(3)相;Ti_(5)Si_(3)相的三维组织形貌为棱柱状,且呈团聚附生特征,粗条状Ti_(5)Si_(3)相具有中心或侧面孔洞缺陷,孔洞的形成主要与其生长机制有关;随着Si含量的增加,钎料的剪切强度呈“升高-降低-升高”的趋势,断口形貌由准解理断裂和解理断裂的混合形态向解理断裂转变;CuSn_(3)Ti_(5)相易破碎开裂成为起裂源,不同粗大状态CuSn_(3)Ti_(5)相的存在均在一定程度上恶化钎料剪切强度。To improve the microstructure and properties of Cu-Sn-Ti brazing alloy through component control,the effect of Si on the microstructure and properties of Cu-20Sn-15Ti brazing filler metals was studied using scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,and EDS energy spectrum analysis.The results show that the microstructure of Cu20Sn-15Ti brazing filler metal is composed of large-sized polygonal CuSn_(3)Ti_(5) phase,eutectic structure andα-Cu phase.A small amount of Si(≤2.0wt%)refines the polygonal-shaped CuSn_(3)Ti_(5) phase in the brazing filler metal and generates small-sized Si_(3)Ti_(5) phase.In contrast,a larger amount of Si(≥3.0wt%)differentiates the polygonal-shape CuSn_(3)Ti_(5) phase,reduces the proportion of eutectic structure,and increases the content and size of the Si_(3)Ti_(5) phase.When the Si content increases to 5.0wt%,the filler metal no longer generates polygonal-shaped CuSn_(3)Ti_(5) phase and eutectic structure.Instead,Ti primarily forms Ti_(5)Si_(3) phase,and the microstructure mainly consists of Ti_(5)Si_(3) phase,α-Cu phase,Cu41Sn11 phase,and a small amount of strip-shaped CuSn_(3)Ti_(5) phase.Compared with Cu and Sn,Si has a stronger chemical affinity with Ti and preferentially reacts with Ti to form Ti_(5)Si_(3) phase.The three-dimensional structure of Ti_(5)Si_(3) phase is prismatic and exhibits agglomerated growth characteristics.The coarse strip Ti_(5)Si_(3) phase has central or lateral pore defects,which are mainly related to the growth mechanism.As the Si content increases,the shear strength of the filler metals shows a trend of“increasing-decreasing-increasing”,and the fracture morphology transitions from a mixed morphology of quasi-cleavage fracture and cleavage fracture to cleavage fracture.The CuSn_(3)Ti_(5) phase is prone to breakage and cracking,becoming the source of cracking.The presence of coarse CuSn_(3)Ti_(5) phase in different states can deteriorate the shear strength of the brazing filler metals to some extent.

关 键 词：Cu-Sn-Ti钎料 金刚石 显微组织 CuSn_(3)Ti_(5)相 

分 类 号：TQ164[化学工程—高温制品工业] TG42[金属学及工艺—焊接]