广州城市湿地水质和土壤特征分析  

Analysis of Wetland Water Quality and Soil Characteristics in Guangzhou

作　　者：林妍栏 林雯 张碧媛 代色平 李智琦 LIN Yan-lan;LIN Wen;ZHANG Bi-yuan;DAI Se-ping;LI Zhi-qi(Guangzhou Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou510095,Guangdong,China;Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Guangdong Guangzhou Urban Ecosystem National Positioning Observation and Research Station,Guangzhou 510405,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司,广东广州510095 [2]广州市林业和园林科学研究院,广东广州城市生态系统国家定位观测研究站,广东广州510405

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2024年第3期71-74,79,共5页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：基于提升碳汇功能的园林湿地生态优化研究;广州市林业和园林局部门预算项目林业园林科学技术研究经费—广州市湿地碳汇计量方法研究(穗财环[2022]9号);广州市湿地资源调查和湿地保护总体规划(2021—2035年)(JYZC-202103-02)。

摘　　要：通过了解广州不同类型城市湿地的水质和土壤特征,分析主要污染物的来源,为湿地的养护管理和生态修复提供对策。本研究对海珠湿地公园、天河湿地公园、庄头公园和石井净水厂土壤和水质进行取样,采用元素分析、偏相关分析和变异系数等方法探究河流湿地、人工湿地的水质及土壤养分、重金属含量等特征。结果表明:石井净水厂水质总体较好,DO、BOD_(5)、TP、TN含量等各项指标均达国家Ⅲ类水质以上,海珠湿地公园、天河湿地公园和庄头公园TN含量超标,海珠湿地公园和庄头公园TP超标。海珠湿地公园和庄头公园湿地土壤有机质含量达土壤养分一级水平,天河湿地公园达二级水平,石井净水厂有机质含量为五级水平,湿地土壤中有机质与N、P含量显著相关。海珠湿地公园、天河湿地公园、石井净水厂土壤中重金属含量均未超标,庄头公园土壤中Cu、Zn、Cd、Hg含量均超标。因此,需定期对城市湿地水质和土壤开展监测,利用植物修复、土壤改良等技术加以优化和保护,提升城市湿地水质净化、土壤修复和生态景观效果。By understanding the water quality and soil characteristics of different urban wetlands in Guangzhou,analyzing the sources of major pollutants,and providing strategies for wetland maintenance and ecological restoration.In this study,soil and water quality were sampled from river wetlands and artificial wetlands in Haizhu wetland park,Tianhe wetland park,Zhuangtou park,and Shijing water treatment plant.Using methods such as element analysis,partial correlation analysis,and coefficient of variation to analyze the characteristics of wetland water quality,soil nutrients,and heavy metal content.The results show that the water quality of Shijing water treatment plant is better,with DO,BOD_(5),TP,TN content and other indicators reaching national Class III water quality or above.The TN content in Haizhu wetland park,Tianhe wetland park and Zhuangtou park exceeds the standard,while the TP content in Haizhu wetland park and Zhuangtou park exceeds the standard.It is recommended to strengthen water quality monitoring and improve water quality.The soil organic matter content in Haizhu wetland park and Zhuangtou park wetlands reaches the first level of soil nutrients,Tianhe wetland park reaches the second level,and Shijing water treatment plant has a low organic matter content at the fifth level.There is a significant correlation between organic matter and N,P content in wetland soil.The heavy metal content in the soil of Haizhu wetland park,Tianhe wetland park,and Shijing water treatment plant don't exceed the standard,the content of Cu,Zn,Cd,and Hg in the soil of Zhuangtou park exceeded the standard.Therefore,it is necessary to regularly monitor the water quality and soil of urban wetlands,optimize and protect them using technologies such as plant remediation and soil improvement,and improve the water purification,soil remediation,and ecological landscape of urban wetlands.

关 键 词：城市湿地 水质 土壤养分 土壤重金属 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]