社区生活圈视角下城市基本公服设施空间配置研究——以贵阳市中心城区为例  

A Study on the Spatial Configuration of Urban Basic Public Service Facilities from the Perspective of Community Life Circle:Taking the Central Urban Area of Guiyang as an Example

作　　者：黄康江 杨昊彧 田康 Huang Kangjiang;Yang Haoyu;Tian Kang(Guizhou Institute of Land and Resources Survey and Planning,Guiyang Guizhou 550001)

机构地区：[1]贵州省自然资源勘测规划研究院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《国土资源导刊》2024年第2期125-134,共10页Land & Resources Herald

基　　金：2022年度中共贵州省委全面深化改革重大课题“贵州探索创新山地生态系统保护利用模式研究”(编号:GZGGKT2022-050)。

摘　　要：考虑社区生活圈的设施配置要求,以居住区为研究主体,从设施完整性、多样性和供需匹配度三方面出发,基于多源数据,运用全局Moran'sI指数、Shannon多样性指数、标准差系数和地理加权回归等方法对贵阳市中心城区公服设施的空间配置情况进行分析和研究。结果表明:(1)生活圈设施类别缺失种数、设施多样性指数和供需匹配指数在空间上均存在显著的正相关关系;(2)中心城区范围内42.91%的生活圈设施配置不完整,养老、文体和公园广场3类设施是主要缺失类型;(3)研究区内的生活圈在多样性上存在不同程度的差异,商业设施占比过高是导致多样性较低的主要原因;(4)供需失衡的生活圈总数为1706个,占所有生活圈的65.36%,设施失配型生活圈数量明显比设施超配型的多,由研究区及各组团中心向外基本呈“设施失配-供需平衡-设施超配”的空间分布特征。最后,从优化生活圈设施配套的目标出发提出规划建议,以期为打造高质量社区生活圈提供参考。This article considers the facility configuration requirements of community living circles,with residential areas as the research subject.Starting from three aspects of facility integrity,diversity,and supply-demand matching,based on multi-source data,the global Moran's I index is applied Shannon diversity index,standard deviation coefficient,and geographically weighted regression were used to analyze and study the spatial allocation of public service facilities in the central urban area of Guiyang.The results show that:(1)there is a significant positive correlation between the number of missing types of facilities in the living circle,the diversity index of facilities,and the supply-demand matching index in space;(2)42.91%of the living circle facilities within the central urban area are not fully equipped,with three main types of facilities missing:elderly care,cultural and sports facilities,and parks and squares;(3)There are differences in diversity among the living circles within the research area,with a high proportion of commercial facilities being the main reason for the low diversity;(4)The total number of living circles with supply-demand imbalance is 1706,accounting for 65.36%of all living circles.The number of facilities mismatched living circles is significantly greater than that of facilities overmatched.The spatial distribution characteristics from the research area and various cluster centers outward are basically"facilities mismatched-supply-demand balance-facilities overmatched".Finally,starting from the goal of optimizing the supporting facilities of the living circle,planning suggestions are proposed to provide reference for building a high-quality community living circle.

关 键 词：社区生活圈 基本公共服务设施 供需匹配 多样性 完整性 贵阳 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]