重评和分心调节的即时和持续效应以及情绪可控性信念的影响:一个ERP研究  

Immediate and Lasting Effects of Reappraisal and Distraction and the Influence of Beliefs about Controllability of Emotion:An ERP Study

作　　者：王庆华 张钦 尚晨阳 崔丽霞 WANG Qing-hua;ZHANG Qin;SHANG Chen-yang;CUI Li-xia(Learning and Cognition Key Laboratory of Beijing,School of Psychology,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市“学习与认知”重点实验室,首都师范大学心理学院,北京100048

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2024年第3期485-492,共8页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：北京市教委人文社会科学研究计划重点项目(SZ202110028013);北京市社会科学基金项目(20JYB022),项目名称:情绪信念对青少年情绪调节的影响。

摘　　要：目的:考察重评和分心的即时效应和持续效应,以及情绪可控性信念影响情绪调节的神经机制。方法:研究采用ERP技术和修改过的情绪调节任务考察重评和分心的即时和持续效应及情绪可控性信念的影响。结果:在情绪调节阶段,两种策略均显著降低了负性体验;分心诱发了更大的N2,减小了LPP的波幅,重评也减小了LPP的波幅,显示出即时效应。在刺激再呈现阶段,低情绪可控信念组在晚期LPP上显示出分心的反向持续效应。在观看负性图片时,低情绪可控信念组比高情绪可控信念组报告了更强的负性情绪。结论:重评和分心均具有良好的即时效果,对于具有低情绪可控信念的个体,分心策略可能会出现反向持续效应。Objective:This study used ERP techniques and self-report scores to examine the immediate and ongoing ef⁃fects of reappraisal and distraction and the influence of emotion controllability beliefs on them.Methods:A 7-point scale was issued to assess individuals’emotion controllability beliefs.This experiment was divided into two stages,namely the emotion regulation stage and the stimulus re-presentation stage.Participants were presented with negative pictures in the first stage and asked to use a reappraisal or distraction strategy to reduce negative experiences.After a 30-minute interval,the same pictures were presented again,but participants were not asked to regulate their emotions.Results:The two strate⁃gies significantly reduced the negative experience in the emotion regulation stage.Distraction induced larger N2 and re⁃duced LPP amplitude,and reappraisal also reduced LPP amplitude,showing an immediate effect.During the stimulus representation stage,the low-controllable belief holders showed a reverse persistence effect of distraction on late LPP.And when viewing negative images,participants with the low-controllable beliefs reported stronger negative emotions than those with the high-controllable beliefs.Conclusion:Reappraisal and distraction have immediate effects,and for individuals with low-controllable beliefs,distraction strategies may have reverse persistence effects.

关 键 词：重评 分心 即时效应 持续效应 情绪可控性信念 事件相关电位 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]