金属矿“露天-崩落-充填”多采区联合开采地表移动规律研究  

Surface Movement Law for Multi-Mining Areas Joint Mining of"Open-Caving-Filling"in Metal Mine

作　　者：张玮 马凯 杨天鸿[2] 侯俊旭 马庆山 许友钦 ZHANG Wei;MA Kai;YANG Tianhong;HOU Junxu;MA Qingshan;XU Youqin(Yuxi Dahongshan Mining Co.,Ltd.,Yuxi,Yunnan,653100,China;School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]玉溪大红山矿业有限公司,云南玉溪市653100 [2]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第6期198-204,共7页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务专项资金项目(N2201003);国家自然科学基金项目(U1903216)。

摘　　要：金属矿多采区、多方法联合开采产生的地表移动变形具有复杂性,为揭示联合开采岩体移动变形规律,以大红山铁矿“露天-崩落-充填”联合开采为例,开展了三维有限元全弹性数值模拟研究,并对地表自动全站仪位移监测数据进行了分析。研究结果表明:相比Ⅰ号铜矿体充填法开采,主矿体崩落法开采对地表移动及露天边坡的稳定性影响最大,移动范围已越过F2断层,并波及到露天顶部境界;地下充填与崩落法开采对露天顶部境界的水平位移是反向的,边坡易产生张拉开裂;地下主采区北部沿脉巷道在采动应力叠加下易发生开裂;监测数据表明,虽然地下崩落法开采造成的沉降位移未波及露天边坡,边坡稳定性较好,且地表开裂范围无明显扩展,但移动范围有进一步外扩的趋势。综合数值计算与监测数据分析结果,提出了保障联合开采的安全防护措施,包括边坡防护、设计优化、监测系统升级、塌陷坑废石回填治理等,从而有利于大红山铁矿多采区、多方法联合开采安全平稳过渡。The surface movement and deformation caused by multi-mining areas and multi-method joint mining in metal mines are complex.In order to reveal the law of rock mass movement and deformation during joint mining,a three-dimensional finite element fully elastic numerical simulation was carried out using the joint mining of“open-caving-filling”in Dahongshan Iron Mine as an example.The displacement monitoring data of the surface automatic total station instrument were analyzed.The research results show that compared to the filling method mining of No.I copper mine,the main ore body caving method has the greatest impact on surface movement and the stability of open-pit slope,with the movement range crossing the F2fault and affecting the open-pit top boundary.The horizontal displacement of the open-pit top boundary during underground filling and caving mining is reversed,and the slope is prone to tension and cracking.The northern part of the underground main mining area is prone to cracking along the vein under the superimposed mining stress.The monitoring data shows that although the settlement displacement caused by underground caving mining has not affected the open-pit slope,the slope has good stability characteristics,and the surface cracking range has not significantly expanded,but the moving range has a tendency to further expand.Based on the results of numerical calculation and monitoring data,safety protection measures for joint mining have been proposed,including slope protection,design optimization,monitoring system upgrade,and backfilling treatment of collapsed pits and waste rocks.This is beneficial for the safe and stable transition of multi-mining areas and multi-method joint mining in Dahongshan Iron Mine.

关 键 词：露天开采 崩落法 充填法 联合开采 地表移动 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设] TD327