相互依赖武器化的机制探析——权力来源与政策实践  

An Exploration of the Mechanism of Weaponized Interdependence:Sources of Power and Policy Practices

作　　者：孙成昊 王叶湑 董一凡[3] SUN Chenghao;WANG Yexu;DONG Yifan

机构地区：[1]清华大学战略与安全研究中心 [2]外交学院欧洲研究中心 [3]中国现代国际关系研究院欧洲研究所

出　　处：《欧洲研究》2024年第2期63-86,I0003,共25页Chinese Journal of European Studies

摘　　要：世界对相互依赖的认知正转向“不安全感”,本文旨在探究近年兴起的“相互依赖武器化”现象。不同于既有研究针对对象国“脆弱性”和“敏感性”特性的描述,本文尝试从发起国视角,分析国家何以能将相互依赖转化为对抗武器。相互依赖武器化的发起国在相互依赖网络中的轴点优势和断线能力是武器化的权力基础。基于此,相互依赖武器化的权力可进一步划分为市场型权力、资源型权力和通道型权力三种类型。在相互依赖网络中,不同国家所控的轴点会相互制约,但当同一行为体同时控制多种类型节点时,其权力将产生叠加效应。对应三种权力类型,发起国所使用的政策工具各异。运用市场型权力施加政策的核心在于,发起国减少或切断与对象国市场间的联系;运用资源型权力的政策则反之,即减少或切断对象国的资源供应;运用通道型权力的政策表现为限制对象国通过、离开或使用发起国所控节点。文章选取欧盟在不同时期对俄罗斯相互依赖武器化这两个关注度高且具有差异性的案例进行分析,以证明本文理论框架的可靠性和有效性。The world's understanding towards interdependence is shifting towards a prevailing sense of"insecurity".This article intends to explore the recent emergence of the so-called"weaponization of interdependence"and analyze,from the perspective of the initiating country,the underlying reasons for a nation's ability to convert interdependence into confrontational tools.It is believed that the initiating nation's strategic advantage within the interdependent network and its capacity of strategically severing ties constitute the bedrock of power upon which this weaponization rests.These forms of power can be further classified into three types,that is,market-based,resource-based and channel-based power,and the country that weaponizes interdependent relations employs different policy tools in response to the above three types of power.In the case study,the authors select two highly publicized and differentiated cases concerning how the EU and its member states weaponized their interdependence with Russia at different periods to certify the reliability and validity of the theoretical framework proposed by this article.

关 键 词：相互依赖武器化 全球经济网络 欧盟对俄制裁 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系] D851.2[政治法律—政治学]