家校合作与城乡学生学业成绩差距——基于M市100所中小学6254名学生的调查  

Family-school Cooperation and The Rural-urban Gap in Students'Academic Achievement:A Survey of 6254 Students in 100 Schools in M City

作　　者：钱佳[1] 曹义兰 QIAN Jia;CAO Yian(Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学教育学院,430079

出　　处：《教育科学研究》2024年第6期51-59,共9页Educational Science Research

基　　金：湖北省高等学校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“学校家庭社会协同育人机制研究”(22ZD009)的成果之一。

摘　　要：家校合作被视为提升学业成绩、促进学生成长的手段,但城乡学校合作水平的分化可能会扩大学生发展的城乡差距。分析M市100所中小学6254名学生及其家长的调查数据发现:第一,家校合作水平与学生学业成绩均存在显著的城乡差距;第二,OLS回归和PSM估计结果表明,家校合作能够正向预测学生的学业成绩;第三,Blinder-Oaxaca分解表明,城乡家校合作的差距对学业成绩差距的贡献率为11.68%,且相对于家校合作水平差距,城市学校家校合作回报率比农村更高是造成城乡学生学业成绩差距的主因;第四,策略模拟结果显示,若将农村学校家校合作提高至城市同等水平,将缩小2.11%的城乡学业成绩差距;第五,对农村样本的分析结果表明,家校合作弥补了寄宿生和非寄宿生54.18%的学业成绩差距,如果将寄宿生家校合作提高至与非寄宿生同样水平,两类学生学业成绩差距还能缩小9.73%。研究认为,应通过构建“乡土化”家校关系、改进家校合作工作方式策略、优化覆盖城乡的家庭教育指导服务体系等措施提升家校合作水平和效果,形成家校育人合力、弥合城乡差距,促进城乡学生健康发展。Family-school cooperation is a means to improve academic performance and promote student growth,but the divergence in the family-school cooperation between urban and rural areas may widen the gap between urban and rural students'development.Based on the survey data of 6,254 students and their parents in 100 schools in M City,it is found that:(1)There is a significant rural-urban gap in terms of the level of family-school cooperation and students'academic performance.(2)The results of OLS and PSM show that family-school cooperation could positively predict students'academic performance,and the improvement of students'academic performance.(3)The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition shows that the gap between urban and rural family-school cooperation contributes 11.68%to the academic achievement gap,and compared with the gap in the level of family-school cooperation,the higher rate of return on family-school cooperation in urban schools is higher than that in rural areas,which is the main reason for the academic achievement gap between urban and rural students.(4)The results of the strategic simulation show that if the family-school cooperation in rural schools is raised to the same level as that in urban areas,the rural-urban gap in academic achievement will be narrowed by 2.11%.(5)The results of the analysis of the rural sample show that family-school cooperation made up for the 54.18%academic achievement gap between boarders and non-boarders,and if the family-school cooperation between boarders was raised to the same level as non-boarders,the academic achievement gap between the two groups of students could be reduced by 9.73%.It is necessary to improve the level and effect of family-school cooperation by constructing a"localized"family-school relationship,improving the working methods and strategies of family-school cooperation,and optimizing the family education guidance service system covering urban and rural areas,so as to form a joint force between home and school education,bridge the gap between urban and rural are

关 键 词：城乡差距 家校合作 学业成绩 教育公平 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]