推动新质生产力涌现的数据交易信用管理体系:特征与机制  

The Credit Management System for Data Transactions Promoting the Emergence of New Quality Productivity:Characteristics and Mechanisms

作　　者：张丽丽 章政[2,3] Zhang Lilil;Zhang Zheng

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学马克思主义学院 [2]北京大学中国信用研究中心 [3]北京大学经济学院

出　　处：《财经科学》2024年第5期62-70,共9页Finance & Economics

摘　　要：与传统生产要素相比,数据作为新质生产要素具有非排他性、非竞争性和非标准化性等新质特点,这些特征决定了构建可信的场内交易体系是实现数据要素市场发展及推动新质生产力发展的关键。探索构建数据交易信用管理制度,以信用激励和惩戒机制引导交易双方进场交易是解决当前我国数据要素可信流通体系缺失、数据流动不足、场内交易不活跃的“突破口”。数据交易信用管理体系包括统一互联的数据要素确权登记、数据要素交易相关主体信用评价管理、分场景的数据要素分级分类系统和数据流通全程可记录追溯系统等四大要件,以及在此基础上运行的进场交易、信用承诺、容错管理、可信认证、质量评价、信用评估、分类管理和信用惩戒等机制,这些机制确保了数据交易信用管理体系的有效运转以及新质生产力的可持续发展。Compared with traditional production factors,data,as a new quality production factor,has new characteristics such as non-exclusivity,non-competitiveness,and non standardization.These characteristics determine that building a trustworthy on ex⁃change trading system is the key to achieving the development of the data factor market and promoting the development of new quali⁃ty productivity.Exploring the construction of a credit management system for data transactions,guided by credit incentives and pun⁃ishment mechanisms,to promote the entry of trading parties into the market,is a breakthrough in solving the current lack of reliable circulation system for data elements,insufficient data flow,and inactive on exchange transactions in China.The data transaction credit management system includes four major elements:a unified and interconnected data element ownership registration,credit evaluation management of data element transaction related entities,a scenario based data element classification system,and a data circulation full process traceability system.Based on this,mechanisms such as entry trading,credit commitment,fault tolerance man⁃agement,trustworthy authentication,quality evaluation,credit evaluation,classification management,and credit punishment are im⁃plemented.These mechanisms ensure the effective operation of the data transaction credit management system and the sustainable development of new quality productivity.

关 键 词：新质生产要素 数据要素交易 数据信用管理 场内交易 

分 类 号：F835.2[经济管理—金融学]