区分内外资企业的国际产业转移测度模型及对中国的实证研究  

Quantitative model of international industry relocation distinguishing between domestic and foreign enterprises and its empirical study of China

作　　者：尹杰 高翔[1,3] 杨翠红 YIN Jie;GAO Xiang;YANG Cuihong(Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Management,Decision and Information Systems,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院管理决策与信息系统重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2024年第5期1421-1436,共16页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72103184,71988101);国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA062)。

摘　　要：内资和外资企业在经营决策、对国际经济形势变化的敏感程度等方面均存在较大差异,参与国际产业转移时也将呈现截然不同的模式特征.因此,在当前国际重大突发事件频发及其导致的全球价值链深度调整的背景下,厘清内、外资企业在国际产业转移中的异质性,将是推动双循环格局、保障供应链安全的重要前提.本文构建了测度区分内、外资企业的产业转移价值量的模型方法,对2005–2016年间中国内、外资企业参与国际产业转移的异质性情况进行了探讨.结果表明:1)从规模分布来看,中国内、外资企业整体上均为生产活动承接者,前期呈稳定增长态势,但2014年以后增长势头趋缓,甚至出现对外净转出趋势;内资企业参与的国际产业转移规模始终保持在产业转移总量的80.0%左右,但从转移产出比来看,内资企业始终远低于外资企业,两者之差在2005–2016年达到14.1个百分点.2)从转移类型来看,内资企业主要通过中间产品参与国际产业转移,外资企业通过最终产品参与国际产业转移的比重远高于内资企业.3)从行业构成来看,内资企业主要通过承接资本密集型制造业参与国际产业转移,而外资企业则以技术密集型制造业为主.4)从内外资企业的相互替代来看,内资企业总体上对在华外资企业产品存在较强的替代效应,但技术密集型制造业仍呈现出内资企业产品持续被在华外资企业替代的态势.There are great differences between domestic and foreign enterprises in terms of business decisions,sensitivity to the international economic patterns,etc.,which leads to their completely different characteristics in participating in the international industry relocation.Therefore,with the frequent outbreak of international emergencies that cause deep adjustment of global value chain,clarifying the heterogeneity of domestic and foreign enterprises in the international industry relocation will be an important prerequisite to promote the“dual circulation”development pattern and ensure the security of supply chain.This paper proposes a quantitative model to measure the magnitude of industry relocation that distinguishes between domestic and foreign enterprises.Based on that,the empirical study captures the scale,mode,industry heterogeneity and mutual substitution between China’s domestic and foreign-funded enterprises in participating in international industry relocation during 2005–2016.The empirical evidence finds that:1)From the magnitude perspective,both domestic and foreign enterprises in China are generally receiving production activities.However,the growth of relocation slowed down after 2014,followed with the trend of relocation outward.The magnitude of the international industrial relocation of domestic enterprises has always been about 80.0%of the total.However,in terms of the ratio of industrial relocation to output,domestic enterprises have always been much lower than foreign enterprises,and the difference reached 14.1 percentage points in 2005–2016.2)From the mode perspective,domestic enterprises mainly participate in international industry relocation through intermediate products,while foreign enterprises participate more through final products.3)From the industry perspective,domestic enterprises is dominated by the capital-intensive manufacturing,while foreign enterprises mainly focus on technology-intensive manufacturing and producer services.4)Generally,China’s domestic enterprises have

关 键 词：产业转移 内外资企业 投入产出技术 

分 类 号：F223[经济管理—国民经济]