老年2型糖尿病伴衰弱患者吞咽功能和安全进食行为的调查及分析  

Investigation and analysis of swallowing function and safe eating behavior in elderly patients type 2 diabetes with frailty

作　　者：于佳[1] 张晓颖[1] 胡洁琼 张炜[1] Yu Jia;Zhang Xiaoying;Hu Jieqiong;Zhang Wei(Department of Geriatrics,Healthcare Center,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院医疗保健中心老年医学科,北京100050

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2024年第18期2428-2432,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的调查并分析老年2型糖尿病伴衰弱患者吞咽功能和安全进食行为现状和危险因素,为临床早识别、早防治提供参考依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2021年7月—2022年12月在首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院内分泌科就诊的295例2型糖尿病伴衰弱患者为研究对象,采用Tilburg衰弱量表(TFI)、进食评估问卷调查工具-10对患者进行调查,采用单因素分析、Logistic回归分析探讨老年2型糖尿病伴衰弱患者吞咽功能与安全进食行为的影响因素。结果本研究共发放问卷295份,回收有效问卷291份,问卷有效回收率为98.64%。吞咽功能与安全进食异常组有94例、吞咽功能与安全进食正常组有197例,两组患者年龄、体重指数、糖尿病病程、TFI评分、文化程度、慢病共病数方面比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,糖尿病病程(OR=1.047,P=0.024)、TFI评分(OR=1.147,P=0.009)、慢病共病数(OR=1.282,P=0.035)是老年2型糖尿病伴衰弱患者吞咽功能与安全进食行为的影响因素。结论老年2型糖尿病伴衰弱患者吞咽功能和安全进食行为异常较为普遍,糖尿病病程、衰弱和慢病共病数是其独立危险因素。Objective To investigate and analyze the status quo and risk factors of swallowing function and safe eating behavior in elderly type 2 diabetes patients with frailty,so as to provide a reference for clinical early identification and early prevention.Methods From July 2021 to December 2022,295 patients with type 2 diabetes accompanied with frailty were selected from the Endocrinology Department of Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University by convenience sampling.Patients were surveyed using the Tilburg Frailty Indicator(TFI)and the Eating Assessment Tool-10.Single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of swallowing function and safe eating behavior in elderly type 2 diabetes patients with frailty.Results A total of 295 questionnaires were distributed,and 291 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective response rate of 98.64%.There were 94 cases in the group with abnormal swallowing function and safe eating behavior,and 197 cases in the group with normal swallowing function and safe eating behavior.There were statistical differences in age,body mass index,duration of diabetes,TFI score,education level,and number of chronic diseases between the two groups(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes(OR=1.047,P=0.024),TFI score(OR=1.147,P=0.009),and the number of chronic diseases(OR=1.282,P=0.035)were the influencing factors of swallowing function and safe eating behavior in elderly type 2 diabetes patients with frailty.Conclusions Abnormal swallowing function and safe eating behavior are common in elderly type 2 diabetes patients with frailty,and the duration of diabetes,frailty and chronic comorbidity are independent risk factors.

关 键 词：糖尿病 2型 老年人 衰弱 吞咽功能 安全进食 危险因素 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]