河湖水体新污染物赋存特征、去除技术及防控对策  

New pollutants in river and lake water:Occurrence characteristics,ecological risks,and prevention and control measures

作　　者：王斌[1,2] 李文嘉 王涛 李江 许晓毅[4] 张林 侯立安[1,5] WANG Bin;LI Wenjia;WANG Tao;LI Jiang;XU Xiaoyi;ZHANG Lin;HOU Li'an(Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;College of Civil Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;Detachment 23,Unit 96901 People's Liberation Army of China,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,杭州310027 [2]贵州大学土木工程学院,贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550025 [4]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [5]中国人民解放军96901部队23分队,北京100094

出　　处：《科技导报》2024年第11期6-17,共12页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22306037,52360012);贵州省科技计划项目(QKHZC[2023]YB110,QKHJC-ZK[2022]YB102);贵州大学自然科学专项(特岗)科研基金项目(X2021003)。

摘　　要：近年来河湖水体中新污染物(包括持久性有机污染物、内分泌干扰物、抗生素、微塑料等)检出频率和类型逐渐增多,新污染物治理已成为我国“十四五”生态环境保护的重点工作之一。相较于传统污染物,新污染物具有隐蔽性、广泛性、环境持久性及慢性健康效应等,对河湖水生态环境安全和饮水健康构成潜在风险。我国针对新污染物治理总体上起步较晚,面临监测技术手段较少、污染物质底数不清和相关防控法规不完善等难题。通过梳理新污染物的政策与行动计划发展情况,分析了河湖水体中新污染物赋存特征和生态风险,总结了河湖水体中新污染物防控技术研究进展,提出了河湖水体新污染物防控策略和健康风险效应评价方法。The frequency and types of new pollutants detected in rivers and lakes are increasing,including persistent organic pollutants,endocrine disruptors,antibiotics,microplastics and other new pollutants.Management of new pollutants has become one of the priorities of ecological environmental protection.Compared with traditional pollutants,new pollutants pose potential risks to the safety of river and lake ecosystems and the health of drinking water.China's new pollutant management started late in general,facing fewer technological monitoring means,the bottom of pollutants being unclear,lacking of better related prevention and control regulations etc.In this paper,the development of policies and action plans for new pollutants are sorted out,the characteristics and ecological risks of new pollutants in rivers and lakes are analyzed,the research progress on new pollutant prevention and control technologies in rivers and lakes is summarized,and new pollutant prevention and control strategies for rivers and lakes and methods for evaluating the effects of health risks are proposed,so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control strategies of new pollutants in rivers and lakes.

关 键 词：河湖水体 新污染物 风险评估 污染物去除技术 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]