不同沙粒质量分数对离心泵内空化流动发展的影响  

Effects of Different Sand Particle Contents on Cavitation Flow Development in the Centrifugal Pump

作　　者：俞佳阳 员康 韩向东 袁瑛琳 李超 于方艳[3] 赵伟国[1] Yu Jiayang;Yun Kang;Han Xiangdong;Yuan Yinglin;Li Chao;Yu Fangyan;Zhao Weiguo(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Norinco Group Testing and Research Institute,Xi’an 710116,China;School of Civil Engineering,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330044,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,兰州730050 [2]中国兵器工业试验测试研究院,西安710116 [3]南昌理工学院建筑工程学院,南昌330044

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第6期11-15,46,共6页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52169018);江西省教育厅重点项目(GJJ2202702)。

摘　　要：为系统研究不同沙粒质量分数对离心泵内空化流动演化发展的影响,针对沙粒质量分数分别为1%、3%、5%与7%下的空化流动,采用SST k-ω湍流模型与Schnerr-Sauer空化模型,通过Fluent有限元软件,开展数值仿真,获取影响规律并揭示相应的机理。研究结果表明,随着沙粒质量分数从1%增加至7%,叶轮内空泡的分布范围持续变大,对应的空泡体积分数变高,临界空化余量与空化充分发展阶段的空化余量均不断变大。沙粒质量分数的增加显著促进离心泵内空化流动的发展。随着沙粒质量分数的增加,空化核子的数目不断增多,压力逐渐变小,湍动能持续增强,流线紊乱程度变强,在其综合影响下,沙粒显著促进空化流动在离心泵内的发展。且随着沙粒质量分数的增加,空化柔度值小于0的范围增加,空化柔度的振幅变化更加剧烈,稳定性整体减弱。To investigate effects of different sand particle concentrations on the evolution and development of cavitation flow in the centrifugal pump,via finite element software Fluent,SSTk-ωturbulent model and Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model are employed to perform the numerical simulation of cavitation flow under the concentrations of 1%,3%,5%,and 7%.The effect laws are obtained and corresponding mechanisms are revealed.The results indicates that with the increase of the concentration from 1%to 7%,cavitation bubble distribution scope in the impeller becomes larger constantly and corresponding vapor volume fraction is higher.All values of net positive suction head under critical and full development periods becomes greater constantly.The increase of sand particle concentration significantly promotes cavitation flow development in the centrifugal pump.Number of cavitation nuclei becomes more steadily,the pressure becomes lower gradually,turbulent kinetic energy becomes more intense continuously,and disorder degree of streamlines is stronger with the growing of sand particle concentration.With their comprehensive effects,sand particles remarkably stimulate the development of cavitation flow in the centrifugal pump.Furthermore,with the growing of sand particle concentration,the range of cavitation compliance value less than zero increases,the amplitude of cavitation compliance changes more violently,and the stability becomes weaker overall.

关 键 词：空化流动 沙粒质量分数 离心泵 影响规律 机理 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]