单方向夹持悬伸薄壁结构件多轴切削工艺优化  

Optimization of Multi-axis Cutting Technology for Unidirectional Clamping Overhanging Thin Wall Parts

作　　者：陈学翔 陈洁训 李南华[2] 黄志楷 Chen Xuexiang;Chen Jiexun;Li Nanhua;Huang Zhikai(Foshan Gaoming Technician Institute,Foshan,Guangdong 528500,China;Modern Manufacturing Industry Department of Shaoguan Technician College,Shaoguan,Guangdong 512023,China;Guangdong Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510700,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山高明技师学院,广东佛山528500 [2]韶关市技师学院现代制造产业系,广东韶关512023 [3]广东省机械研究所有限公司,广州510700

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第6期29-32,55,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划教育部重点课题子课题(DCA190327-44096);广东省人力资源和社会保障厅广东省技工教育和职业培训省级课题(KT2023032)。

摘　　要：以单方向夹持的悬伸薄壁结构零件切削加工为研究对象,通过工艺设计优化有效避免了断裂,振动过切,尺寸变形超差,振纹等加工缺陷。使用Siemens NX12.0和宏程序结合的方式完成零件的四轴加工程序编制。通过降低最小壁厚和伸出长度比值、宏程序螺旋铣削切断工艺方案,解决加工过程中切削振动造成曲面与连接底座容易断裂的难题。提出薄壁曲面分段加工和控制走刀方向相结合减少了薄壁曲面振动和过切,减少了表面振纹以及粗糙度超差的影响。严格控制零件圆柱体回转跳动误差,解决不具备RTCP功能数控系统定轴加工精度超差问题。多次实例证明零件达到加工技术要求,为悬伸薄壁复杂结构零件提高切削加工质量提供参考。the cutting and machining of unidirectional clamping overhanging thin wall parts is taken as research object.Fracture,vibration over cutting,dimensional deformation exceeding tolerance,and vibration pattern machining defects areeffectively avoided by process design optimization.Siemens NX12.0 and macro programs are combined to complete the four-axis machining program of the parts.By reducing the ratio of minimum wall thickness to extension length and adopting a macro program spiral milling cutting process,the problem that cutting vibration during the machining process easily causes fracture between the curved surface and connecting base is solved.Segmented machining of thin-walled surfaces and controlling the cutting direction are proposed together to reduce the vibration and overfitting of thin-walled surface,the surface vibration patterns and roughness tolerances are eased.The rotational runout error of the cylindrical parts is strictly controlled,and the problem of bad precision of fixed axis machining in CNC systems without RTCP function.Multiple cases verify that,the machining of the parts meet the machining technology requirements.The proposed optimiztion provides reference for improving the cutting quality of overhanging thin-walled complex structural parts.

关 键 词：单方向夹持悬伸薄壁零件 多轴切削加工 加工缺陷 优化策略 过切和变形 

分 类 号：TH162[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]