祁连山区夏季一次层积云系降水过程的云微物理及区域水分收支特征  

Cloud microphysics and regional water budget of a summer stratocumulus precipitation process in the Qilian Mountains

作　　者：任婧[1,2] 张文煜 张国航 田硕[1] 王刚 REN Jing;ZHANG Wen-yu;ZHANG Guo-hang;TIAN Shuo;WANG Gang(School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence,School of the Geo-science and Technology,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Key Open Laboratory of Cloud Physical Environment,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学计算机与人工智能学院,地球科学与技术学院,郑州450001 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [3]中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室,北京100081 [4]兰州大学大气科学学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期324-332,共9页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：西北区域人工影响天气能力建设项目研究试验项目(ZQC-R18208);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0104)。

摘　　要：用数值模式结合实测数据,对祁连山区夏季一次典型的层积云系降水过程进行数值模拟.通过分析降水云系的微物理、水汽转化和区域水分收支特征,探讨祁连山区的降水形成机制.结果表明,中尺度天气预报模式能够模拟出祁连山区夏季层积云系的发展演变过程以及降水量的时空变化特征.祁连山区层积云中的过冷云水含量较高,最大为2.6×10^(-3);地面降水主要来自于雪的融化过程,占70.15%,其次是雨滴碰并云滴增长和霰粒子的融化过程,分别占13.49%和12.04%.雪的形成主要来源于雪对过冷云水的淞附以及雪的凝华,分别占61.23%和37.93%.祁连山区的净水汽收支呈负值,且有大量降水,表明空中水资源利用效率较低.A typical stratocumulus precipitation process in the Qilian Mountains in summer was numerically simulated via a numerical model combined with the measured data,revealing the microphysical structure of the cloud system,the water transformation in the cloud and the regional water budget characteristics.The results demonstrated the weather research forecasting model's capability of replicating the development of summer cloud systems and the daily fluctuation of precipitation in the Qilian Mountains.The stratocumulus had a high supercooled cloud water content,the maximum of which was 2.6×10-3;surface precipitation mainly came from the melting process of snow,accounting for 70.15%,followed by the collision of raindrops with cloud droplet growth and the melting process of graupel particles,accounting for 13.49% and 12.04% respectively.The formation of snow mainly came from the attachment of snow to supercooled cloud water and the sublimation process of snow,accounting for 61.23% and 37.93% respectively;the net water vapor budget showed a negative value,and there was a large amount of precipitation in the area,indicating that the utilization efficiency of air water resources in the region was relatively low.In order to ensure the ecological environment balance,more importance should be attached to artificial precipitation enhancement.

关 键 词：祁连山区 降水 数值模拟 云微物理 水分转化与收支 

分 类 号：P426.61[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]