突发公共卫生事件中轻罪治理存在的问题及其解决思路--从妨害传染病防治罪切入  

Problems and Solutions of Misdemeanour Governance in Public Health Emergencies--Starting from the Crime of Obstructing the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases

作　　者：李翔翔 汤钰 LI Xiangxiang;TANG Yu(Xiangtan University,Xiangtan,Hunan,411105,China;Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha,Hunan,410208,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湖南中医药大学,湖南长沙410208

出　　处：《医学与法学》2024年第3期88-93,共6页Medicine and Jurisprudence

摘　　要：轻罪治理是法治现代化在刑法领域的具体体现,也是全面依法治国的重要一环;妨害传染病防治罪在新冠疫情暴发期间作为必要的刑事手段,体现出轻罪化特点。分析疫情期间有关判决,该罪在《刑法修正案(十一)》出台后仍面临入罪标准不具体、主观罪过不明确、与同类型重罪界限不清晰以及因果关系证明难等问题;对此应以刑事政策为指引,把握轻罪化的立法与司法两条线,明确入罪标准和畅通出罪渠道,使轻罪治理能在突发公共卫生事件中发挥应有作用。Misdemeanor governance is the specific embodiment of the modernization of the rule of law in the field of criminal law and an essential component of comprehensive governance by law.During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,the crime of ob⁃structing the prevention and control of infectious diseases,as a necessary criminal measure,demonstrates characteristics of misdemean⁃ors.Based on an analysis of relevant judgments during the pandemic,after the passing of Criminal Law Amendment(XI),this crime still has practical problems,such as vague criteria for criminal liability,unclear subjective culpability,a lack of clear distinctions from more serious offenses of a similar nature,and challenges in proving causation.In this regard,we should take the criminal policy as the guide,grasp the legislative and judicial lines of misdemeanour,clarify the criminalization standard and smooth the channels of decriminaltion,so that the treatment of misdemeanour can play its due role in public health emergencies.

关 键 词：法治现代化 轻罪治理 妨害传染病防治罪 司法适用 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学] R-05[政治法律—法学]