柑橘园地土壤分离能力对集中流水力学参数的响应  

Response of Soil Detachment Capacity to Concentrated Hydrodynamic Parameters in Citrus Orchards

作　　者：张峰玮 王小燕[1] 陈展鹏[1] 陈方鑫 ZHANG Fengwei;WANG Xiaoyan;CHEN Zhanpeng;CHEN Fangxin(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration,School of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院水土保持生态修复重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2024年第3期111-120,共10页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：重庆市基础科学与前沿技术研究专项(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0117);国家自然科学青年基金项目(42307422);中央高校基本业务费项目(SWU-KQ22039)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究三峡库区典型坡地橘园土壤分离能力与集中水流水力学特性参数间的数学关系,为坡地橘园土壤侵蚀预测建模提供理论依据与数据支撑。[方法]通过集中流冲刷试验,分析在不同坡度(10°~30°)与流量(18~126 L/min)组合的梯度水动力条件下,清耕样地与绿肥(白三叶、早熟禾和野豌豆)覆盖样地的土壤分离量,探讨柑橘园地土壤分离能力与水流动力参数(水流剪切力、水流功率)、流态流型参数(雷诺数、弗罗德数)、阻力参数(Darcy-Weisbach阻力系数、曼宁系数)的定量关系并建立相应的数学模型。[结果]绿肥覆盖与清耕柑橘园地的土壤分离能力均与各水力学参数有显著相关性;土壤分离能力与水动力和流态流型参数呈幂函数正相关(R^(2)为0.86~0.99,NSE为0.88~0.98,p<0.01),与水流阻力参数呈幂函数负相关(R^(2)为0.32~0.60,NSE为0.39~0.64,p<0.05),表明土壤分离能力随水动力和流态流型参数的增大而显著提高,随阻力参数的增大而显著下降。[结论]在绿肥覆盖或清耕柑橘园地,水流剪切力对土壤分离能力的预测效果优于水流功率;雷诺数预测土壤分离能力的效果优于弗罗德数;Darcy-Weisbach阻力系数的预测效果优于曼宁系数。总体来说,水流剪切力预测土壤分离能力的效果最好,精度最高(R^(2)平均值为0.96,NSE平均值为0.96)。[Objective]This study was aimed to explore the mathematical relationship between soil detachment capacity and concentrated water flow hydraulic characteristics parameters in the typical slope orange orchard in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,and to provide theoretical basis and data support for predicting soil erosion in slope orange orchard.[Methods]Through concentrated flow erosion tests,the soil detachment amount of a clear plowed sample plot and three green manure(Trifolium repens L,Poa annua L,and Vicia sepium L)covered plots under gradient hydrodynamic conditions of different slopes(10°~30°)and flow rates(18~126 L/min)combinations was analyzed.The quantitative relationships between soil detachment capacity of citrus orchard plots and hydrodynamic parameters(water shear force,water power),flow pattern parameters(Reynolds number,Froude number)and resistance parameters(Darcy-Weisbach resistance coefficient,Manning’s coefficient)were explored,and corresponding mathematical models were established.[Results]There was a significant correlation between the soil detachment capacity of green manure coverage and clean cultivation of citrus orchard and various hydraulic parameters.The soil detachment capacity was positively correlated with hydrodynamic and flow regime parameters in a power function(R 2 was 0.86~0.99,NSE was 0.88~0.98,p<0.01),and negatively correlated with water flow resistance parameters in a power function(R 2 was 0.32~0.60,NSE was 0.39~0.64,p<0.05),indicating that the soil detachment capacity significantly increased with the increasing of hydrodynamic and flow regime parameters,while significantly decreased with the increasing of resistance parameters.[Conclusion]In the citrus orchard covered with green manure or cleared,the predictive effect of water flow shear force on soil detachment capacity was better than that of water flow power.The reynolds number was more effective in predicting soil detachment capacity than the froude number.The prediction effect of Darcy-Weisbach resistance coefficient

关 键 词：柑橘园地 土壤分离能力 水力学参数 预测模型 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]