饲粮中性洗涤纤维水平对晋汾白猪生长性能、消化能力、肠道微生物以及代谢产物的影响  

Effects of Dietary Neutral Detergent Fiber Level on Growth Performance,Digestive Capacity,Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolic Products of Jinfen White Pigs

作　　者：牛瑾 赵晓磊 王士斌 李一飞 杨冠青 赵燕[1] 杨光 杨阳 郭晓红[1] 李步高[1] 曹果清[1] NIU Jin;ZHAO Xiaolei;WANG Shibin;LI Yifei;YANG Guanqing;ZHAO Yan;YANG Guang;YANG Yang;GUO Xiaohong;LI Bugao;CAO Guoqing(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Jinzhong City Taigu District Modern Agricultural Industry Development Center,Taigu 030801,China;Shanxi Vinanda Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Linfen 031600,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,太谷030801 [2]晋中市太谷区现代农业产业发展中心,太谷030801 [3]山西维能达生物科技有限公司,临汾031600

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第6期3601-3618,共18页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(202102140601005);三晋学者支持计划专项经费资助(2016,2017);山西省高等学校科学研究优秀成果培育项目;山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC128);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究不同中性洗涤纤维(NDF)水平饲粮对晋汾白猪生长性能、抗氧化能力、消化能力、肠道微生物以及代谢产物的影响,为纤维的合理利用提供理论依据。选用体重为(19.72±0.37)kg的晋汾白猪80头,随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头(公母各占1/2)。4组试验猪分别饲喂NDF水平为9.0%(不添加大豆皮,9N组)、13.5%、(添加9.35%大豆皮,13.5N组)、18.0%(添加18.64%大豆皮,18N组)和22.5%(添加28.03%大豆皮,22.5N组)的饲粮,以9N组为对照组。预试期7 d,正试期30 d。结果显示:1)与13.5N组相比,9N组、18N组和22.5N组的料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)22.5N组的血清总抗氧化能力显著高于9N组和18N组(P<0.05)。3)在结肠前段,13.5N组和22.5N组的纤维素酶含量显著高于18N组和9N组(P<0.05)。4)18N组和22.5N组的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著低于9N组和13.5N组(P<0.05)。5)结肠内容物中丙酸和异丁酸浓度以9N组的最高,丁酸和戊酸浓度以13.5N组最高。6)13.5N组、18N组和22.5N组的肠道微生物Alpha多样性指数均显著高于9N组(P<0.05);18N组结肠内容物中普雷沃氏菌属_9的相对丰度显著高于9N组和22.5N组(P<0.05),13.5N组结肠内容物中毛螺菌属的相对丰度高于9N组(P<0.05);同时,丙酸、异丁酸和异戊酸均与普雷沃氏菌属9存在显著或极显著正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),丁酸与毛螺菌属存在极显著正相关(P<0.01)。7)13.5N组结肠内容物中γ-L-谷氨酰基-L-谷氨酸表达量高于其他3组。综上可知,饲粮NDF水平的适当提高降低了晋汾白猪的料重比,提高了机体的抗氧化能力,改善了机体的消化能力,增加了肠道微生物的多样性,改善了肠道健康,影响了机体的代谢产物,进而促进了机体健康发育。在本试验条件下,晋汾白猪饲粮中适宜的NDF水平为13.5%~18.0%。This study aimed to assess the effects of different neutral detergent fiber(NDF)level diets on the growth performance,antioxidant capacity,digestive capacity,intestinal microbiota and metabolic products of Jinfen white pigs.A total of 80 Jinfen white pigs,averaging(19.72±0.37)kg in weight,were randomly allocated to four groups,each comprising five replicates with four pigs(half male and half female)per replicate.Pigs in the four groups were fed diets with NDF level of 9.0%(without soybean husk,9N group),13.5%(with 9.35%soybean husk,13.5N group),18.0%(with 18.64%soybean husk,18N group)and 22.5%(with 28.03%soybean husk,22.5N group),respectively,and the 9N group served as control group.The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)the feed-to-gain ratio significantly decreased in the 9N,18N and 22.5N groups compared with the 13.5N group(P<0.05).2)22.5N group exhibited significantly higher serum total antioxidant capacity than that in 9N and 18N groups(P<0.05).3)The cellulase content in the anterior segment of the colon in the 13.5N and 22.5N groups was significantly higher than that in the 18N and 9N groups(P<0.05).4)The apparent digestibility of crude protein in the 18N and 22.5N groups was significantly lower than that in the 9N and 13.5N groups(P<0.05).5)9N group exhibited the highest propionic acid and isobutyric acid concentrations,while 13.5N group showed the highest butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations(P<0.05).The alpha diversity indexes of intestinal microbiota in the 13.5N,18N,and 22.5N groups were significantly higher than those in the 9N group(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Prevotella_9 in colon contents in the 18N group was significantly higher than that in the 9N and 22.5N groups(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Lachnospira in colon contents in the 13.5N group was significantly higher than that in the 9N group(P<0.05);propionic acid,isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid all showed significant or extremely significant

关 键 词：晋汾白猪 饲粮中性洗涤纤维水平 生长性能 消化能力 肠道微生物 代谢产物 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]