低聚异麦芽糖合生元对荷斯坦犊牛肠道通透性、粪便菌群和短链脂肪酸浓度的影响  

Effects of Isomaltooligosaccharide Synbiotics on Intestinal Permeability,Fecal Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations of Holstein Calves

作　　者：彭洪妹 卫玥 郭亚亚 黑梦琴 张鹏 罗瑞清 李元元 张文举[1] PENG Hongmei;WEI Yue;GUO Yaya;HEI Mengqin;ZHANG Peng;LUO Ruiqing;LI Yuanyuan;ZHANG Wenju(School of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China;Xinjiang Tianshan Military Reclamation and Animal Husbandry Limited Liability Company,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,石河子832000 [2]新疆天山军垦牧业有限责任公司,石河子832000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第6期3756-3771,共16页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目计划(2021AA004)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究由低聚异麦芽糖、罗伊氏乳杆菌和约氏乳杆菌组成的低聚异麦芽糖合生元对荷斯坦犊牛肠道通透性、粪便菌群及短链脂肪酸浓度的影响。选取健康、日龄相近、体重相近的荷斯坦犊牛40头,随机分成4组,每组10头。4组犊牛每日分别补饲0(对照组)、2.5(LG组)、5.0(MG组)和10.0 g/头(HG组)低聚异麦芽糖合生元。预试期5 d,正试期42 d。结果显示:1)试验第21天时,LG组血清中内毒素(ET)含量较对照组显著降低(P<0.05);试验第42天时,与对照组相比,LG组和HG组血清中D-乳酸(D-LA)含量显著降低(P<0.05),MG组血清中D-LA含量和二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性显著降低(P<0.05)。2)试验第21天时,MG组和HG组粪便中丙酸浓度与对照组相比显著升高(P<0.05);试验第42天时,与对照组相比,MG组粪便中丙酸浓度显著升高(P<0.05),LG组粪便中丙酸和异戊酸浓度均显著升高(P<0.05)。3)在门水平上,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)为各组犊牛粪便中的优势菌门。试验第21天时,HG组粪便中放线菌门的相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验第42天时,MG组粪便中厚壁菌门的相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,经黏液真杆菌属(Blautia)和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)为各组犊牛粪便中的优势菌属,且3个试验组粪便中乳杆菌属的相对丰度均高于对照组。4)对肠道通透性指标、粪便短链脂肪酸与粪便菌群进行相关性分析,发现拉克氏梭状芽孢杆菌属(Lachnoclostridium)相对丰度与D-LA含量(P<0.01)和DAO活性(P<0.001)呈极显著正相关,丹毒丝菌科未明确属(norank_f_Erysipelotrichaceae)相对丰度与ET含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),霍尔德曼氏菌属(Holdemanella)相对丰度与DAO活性呈显著负相关(P<0.05),乳杆菌属相对丰度与丁酸、异丁酸和异戊酸浓度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),副拟杆菌属(Parabacteroides)相对丰度与丙酸、丁酸、异丁�The aim of this study was to explore the effects of isomaltooligosaccharide synbiotics(composed of isomaltooligosaccharide,Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus johnsonii)on intestinal permeability,fecal microbiota and short chain fatty acid concentrations of Holstein calves.Selected 40 healthy Holstein calves and divide them into 4 groups according to the similar body weight and days of age,and each group had 10 calves.The calves in the 4 groups were supplemented with 0(Con group),2.5(LC group),5.0(MC group)and 10.0 g/(head·d)(HC group)isomaltooligosaccharide synbiotics,respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 5 days,and the experimental period lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)on day 21 of the experiment,the serum endotoxin(ET)content of the LC group was significantly lower than that of Con group(P<0.05);on day 42 of the experiment,the serum D-lactic acid(D-LA)content of the LG and HG groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum D-LA content and diamine oxidase(DAO)activity of the MG group were significantly decreased compared with the Con group(P<0.05).On day 21 of the experiment,the concentration of propionic acid in feces of the MG and HG groups was significantly higher than that of the Con group(P<0.05);on day 42 of the experiment,the concentration of propionic acid in feces of the MG group was significantly increased,and the concentrations of propionic acid and isovaleric acid in feces of the LG group were significantly increased compared with the Con group(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the dominant bacteria phyla in all groups were Firmicutes,Bacteroidota,Actinobacteriota.On day 24 of the experiment,the fecal Actinobacteriota relative abundance of HG group was significantly higher than that of the Con group(P<0.05);On day 42 of the experiment,the fecal Firmicutes relative abundance of MG group was significantly higher than that of Con group(P<0.05).At the genus level,the dominant bacteria genera in all groups were Blautia and Lactobacillus.And the fecal relative ab

关 键 词：低聚异麦芽糖合生元 荷斯坦犊牛 粪便菌群 肠道通透性 短链脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]