微牛级高精度直流离子推进系统的推力调节特性  

Thrust Regulation Characteristics of Micro-newton and High-precision Direct Current Ion Propulsion System

作　　者：汪宇欣 武志文[1] 黄天坤[1] 陈茂林[2] 叶剑民 郭云涛 王云冰 刘旭辉[4] 胡鹏 WANG Yuxin;WU Zhiwen;HUANG Tiankun;CHEN Maolin;YE Jianmin;GUO Yuntao;WANG Yunbing;LIU Xuhui;HU Peng(School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;National Key Laboratory of Solid Rocket Propulsion,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi′an 710072,China;Chongqing Innovation Center,Beijing Institute of Technology,Chongqing 404100,China;Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081 [2]西北工业大学固体推进全国重点实验室,西安710072 [3]北京理工大学重庆创新中心,重庆404100 [4]北京控制工程研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《宇航学报》2024年第5期770-777,共8页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2201103);国家自然科学基金(U22B20120)。

摘　　要：为了研究将微型直流离子推力器用于航天器超高精度控制任务的可行性,设计了一个微牛级直流离子推力器并为其配备了碳纳米管中和装置。对推力器进行了实验测试,评估了其在150~490 V电压范围内可实现的推力范围和推力分辨率,并计算了5、25、50μN推力水平下的噪声。在上述电压范围内,使用氙气和氩气作为工质时,推力器的推力范围分别为5.75~50.83μN和5.93~47.63μN,最大推力噪声为0.12μN/√(Hz)和0.05μN/√(Hz)。此外,对碳纳米管中和器进行了性能测试,实现了最大1.22 mA的引出电流,能够满足氙气工况下0~37.37μN、氩气工况下0~16.50μN的束流中和需求。实验结果表明,该推进系统可以用于引力波探测等高精度空间测量任务所需的无拖曳控制,且使用氩气更有利于实现高精度和低噪声的推力输出。To investigate the feasibility of using micro-DC ion thrusters for ultra-precision spacecraft control missions,a micro-newton DC ion thruster is designed and equipped with a carbon nanotube neutralizer.The thrust range and resolution are evaluated at the voltage range of 150~490 V,besides,the noise is also calculated at a thrust level of 5,25,50 μN.In the mentioned voltage range,the thrust range of the thruster using xenon and argon as propellent is 5.75~50.83 μN and 5.93~47.63 μN respectively,and the maximum thrust noise is 0.12 μN/√(Hz) and 0.05 μN/√(Hz).In addition,the performance of the carbon nanotube neutralizer is tested and a maximum extraction current of 1.22 mA has been achieved,which satisfies the need of 0~37.37 μN in Xenon and 0~16.50 μN in Argon.The experimental result shows that this propulsion system can be used in drag-free control,and the use of argon is more beneficial to achieving high-precision and low-noise thrust.

关 键 词：离子推力器 微牛级推力 高精度控制 推力精度 推力噪声 

分 类 号：V1[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]